Angel Perez

In the historical context of the ancient Roman Empire, especially in Southwestern Spain, this study employs fuzzy logic methodology to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of topographical measurement instruments. These instruments—specifically the groma, surveyor's square, dioptra, chorobate, and odometer—were instrumental in shaping the region's infrastructure and played a crucial role in ancient engineering projects. Fuzzy logic is strategically utilized to assign fuzzy values ranging between 0 and 1 to five pivotal characteristics: precision, complexity, versatility, durability, and ease of use. These attributes enable a nuanced evaluation of each instrument. For instance, an instrument known for its precision would be assigned a value closer to 1, while one with lower precision would receive a value closer to 0. The outcomes of this research provide a multifaceted perspective on the historical importance of these instruments in Southwestern Spain during the Roman era. By offering detailed assessments of their strengths and weaknesses through fuzzy logic-based comparisons, the study highlights the suitability of each tool for distinct measurement requirements. By illustrating the adaptability of fuzzy logic in evaluating historical instruments, this research introduces a novel approach that can be applied to various contexts. It not only reveals the pivotal role played by these instruments during the Roman Empire but also underscores their relevance to contemporary surveying and topography, providing a valuable bridge between ancient and modern practices.

The Farga Rossell mechanism, a hallmark of traditional engineering from the historic iron industry of Andorra, represents the confluence of craftsmanship and technological innovation of its time. During its operational years, significant advancements such as the use of water power, the integration of waterpowered bellows, and the automation of hammering processes revolutionized production efficiency. This study delves deep into the mechanical engineering principles underpinning the design of Farga Rossell, from its water management systems to its intricately crafted gears. A modern 3D representation of this mechanism offers a detailed visualization of its components, underscoring the precision and expertise that went into its creation. Beyond its operational significance, Farga Rossell's enduring legacy is evident in contemporary engineering practices, especially the shift from traditional water wheels to hydroelectric power generation. The comprehensive exploration of this mechanism, paired with its 3D design, stands as both an homage to historical engineering wonders and a testament to the timeless nature of innovation.

Based on Newton’s laws reformulated in the Hamiltonian dynamics combined with statistical mechanics, we formulate a statistical mechanical theory supporting the hypothesis of a closed universe oscillating in phase-space. We find that the behavior of this universe as a whole can be represented by a free entropic oscillator whose lifespan is nonhomogeneous, thus implying that time is shorter or longer according to the state of this universe given through its entropy. We conclude that time reduces to the entropy production of this universe and that a nonzero entropy production means that local fluctuations could exist giving rise to the appearance of masses and to the curvature of the space

The removal of water from mines was one of the key issues that former miners had to deal with. Roman colonists brought new technology to the Iberian Peninsula that addressed this problem. However, they did not invent this technology because it had already been applied to the growth of other endeavours in the Hellenistic society throughout the Eastern Mediterranean. In the mine, the Archimedes screw, waterwheels, bucket pulleys, and Ctesibius pumps were the primary drainage systems. In this essay, the primary characteristics, and modes of operation of machines are examined. Without leaving out the most significant finds made in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, one of the regions with the longest history of mining exploitation. To serve as a foundation for future research in this field, this work compares the primary mining mechanisms in ancient Huelva on a qualitative and quantitative level by the implementation of a TOPSIS methodology, a multi-criteria decision analysis method.

Muchas propuestas de filosofía contemporánea convierten la filosofía primera en mera historiografía, o en un análisis del lenguaje, sus dimensiones y sus contextos histórico-sociales, o en un mero recorrido por la historia de un problema y sus diversos desarrollos. El artículo, nombrando esta situación como un estar en el laberinto intenta establecer otra base a la filosofía primera entrando en diálogo con dos propuestas muy diversas, aun partiendo del método común de Husserl, su creador : la búsqueda de una fundamentación en una subjetividad trascendental que opera ya desde el mundo de la vida que realiza Husserl en la crisis de las ciencias europeas y la propuesta de la actualidad de la realidad en el acto intelectivo sentiente de Zubiri con su noología.