Anna Ilchenko

The article attempts to define a worldview paradigm in the philosophy of H. Skovoroda. In historical and philosophical studies, there is a certain difference of opinion regarding the evaluation of the main provisions of the Ukrainian’s enlightener philosophy. Scientists emphasize the manifestations of pantheism, dualism, pluralism and mysticism in the work of H. Skovoroda. This is a palette of mutually exclusive definitions of the main philosophies of the thinker.The conducted critical analysis of the Skovoroda’s philosophical heritage allows us to reveal the deistic direction of his worldview positions. However, compared to the conceptual presentation of deism by the founder of the French Enlightenment of the 18th century, F. Walter, the philosophical deistic positions of H. Skovoroda have their own characteristics. The deistic tendencies of Walter’s worldview are based on the principles of rationalism. They permeate the foundations of his theoretical and practical philosophy. The Ukrainian enlightener’s principle of deism is based on manifestations of the highest divine wisdom. They include rational forms of existence and knowledge, spiritual and practical, moral foundations of human existence.

The article presents the Hegelian analysis of the concept of deism inVoltaire’s philosophy. The problem of the relationship between the truths of themind and the religious revelation of faith is revealed, which is the beginning ofthe formation of the philosophy of deism in the French Enlightenment of the 18thcentury. The ontological and epistemological basis of Voltaire’s worldview in hishistorical- philosophical searches are critically analyzed. The German philosopherproves the abstract nature of the deistic principle in philosophy as a result of theinfluence of the one-sidedness of empiricism and rationalism. This concerns theanalysis of social cognition and the interpretation of human free will. The Frenchin their philosophical constructions, Hegel noted, proceeded from the principle ofuniversality and the embodiment of the concept of “wit”, while the Germans reliedon the possibilities of the mind. The deistic tendencies of Voltaire’s worldviewpermeate the foundations of his theoretical and practical philosophy, includinghuman existence, morality, and free will.