Arshad Fawad

In the knowledge economy, green intellectual capital GIC) has become vital, with recent studies highlighting its importance in tackling environmental degradation. The present study examines the moderating role of access to external credit (AEC) (bank and trade credit) and access to full credit (AFC) in the relationship between green innovation (GIN) (green process GprI, product innovation GPdI) in family firms (FFs) and GIC, comprising green human (GHC), relational (GRC), and structural (GSC) capital. By employing a mixed-method approach, we integrate secondary data from the CSMAR databases with survey responses from senior managers. Results indicate that all three GIC components positively and significantly drive both GprI and GPdI. Moreover, AEC strengthens this association. These outcomes recommended that firms should invest in ecological knowledge and foster collaboration with financial institutions to enhance sustainable innovation capabilities. Promoting green intellectuality among employees and managers is essential for achieving improved environmental performance and long-term sustainability.

Green innovation plays a critical role in mitigating environmental issues and balancing the interaction between economic growth and the natural environment. Drawing on social network and resource-dependence theory, this article scrutinises the relationship between independent director interlocks and corporate green innovation. Using the data from listed Chinese companies from 2010 to 2022, this study finds that independent director interlocks can significantly promote corporate green processes and product innovation. This research further finds that internal corporate contexts can also influence the relationship between independent director interlocks and green innovation. Moreover, the results indicate that corporate environmental commitment positively moderates the relationships between independent director interlocks and corporate green innovation. This study also provides significant implications for firms seeking green innovation performance and for policymakers seeking ways to fulfill the mission of carbon dioxide abatement.