Refet Ramiz

In this work, basic disciplinary words/terms and their meanings are expressed shortly. Then, money, four functions of money, and eight types of money explained principally. History of monetary values evaluated by considering related historical subjects. New perspective of the philosophy explained generally/specifically. Principles of New Era Philosophy, Branches of Philosophy, Ideal Philosophical System and hybrid philosophy outlined. Philosophy of Monetary Values defined. Evaluation of Monetary Values done from 17 General Perspectives generally, and from Philosophical Perspective specifically. Monetary Value of a Subject/Object expressed with general function. 21 Monetary Value System Components defined, and Their Effective Use & Improvement/Development discussed. Priorities of monetary system components discussed for Continuable/Sustainable (Finance) Monetary Values Administration System, and this evaluation given with a Table. General performance of the monetary system components for a world country-X expressed with Figure. 19 General and Specific Concepts for Philosophy of Monetary Values®© defined specifically. Following 12 Sub-branches of Philosophy of Monetary Values®® defined with details: (1) Philosophy of Accounting®©, (2) Philosophy of Banking®©, (3) Philosophy of Digital/Electronic Currencies®®, (4) Philosophy of Economics®©, (5) Philosophy of Finance®©, (6) Philosophy of Money®©, (7) Philosophy of Valuation®® (with Tables, categories, types, methods), (8) Philosophy of Marketing, (9) Philosophy of Payment®®, (10) Philosophy of Pricing®®, (11) Philosophy of Trade and Commerce®©, (12) Hybrid Philosophies (for business, investment, insurance, taxation, rewarding). General Finance and Monetary Values Administration System for a World Country is defined and given with Figure. Monetary system network related to all system blocks expressed simply. System Administration for a Finance/Monetary Values Association expressed with a specific Figure. Ideal Economics Construction for a Progressive World Country explained and given with a 5 x 5 Table. Engineering and Valuation discussed. Value Engineering, Engineering valuation and General Differences/Comparison Between Engineering Valuation and Value Engineering are mentioned.

In this work, general components of a person’s life are defined generally at the introduction part, and each of their importance for human being is paid attention with simple approach. The importance and significance of the new era of “mobile phones, computers, and satellite systems”, reminded and their effect in human life outlined shortly. Definition and meaning of social science are expressed due to general approaches, and the basic concepts of community, society are defined and compared. History of social science is outlined generally. Similarities and differences between the approaches are compared. General approaches for the meaning and definitions of philosophy of social science are explained. New scientific and philosophical perspectives for social science concepts are explained. The meaning of the word/concept of social and science is examined specifically, and then, how social sciences, information sciences, hybrid sciences are defined explained. New perspective of the philosophy defined generally. New era philosophy, eight basic philosophies, and ideal philosophical system are shortly reminded. New perspective for the philosophy of social science is defined. Theories of social sciences are considered under this philosophy, and information that is targeted to obtain through these theories is given. Following 12 general and specific disciplines/concepts are defined for new philosophy of social science perspective: eight basic senses, person’s nature, person’s relations, mind, R-Values, classification, social sciences, information science(s), communication, education, language, colour, human behavior. Re-construction and new definitions of sub-branches of philosophy of social sciences are specifically done. Sub-branches of philosophy of social science®© are defined and explained specifically by considering the 12 general/specific concepts given, and by considering the new philosophical perspective. 21 sub-branches of philosophy of social science are defined with details. Figures, tables, equations are outlined. Philosophy of life is evaluated/examined generally/specifically. Information obtained and used by theories of life is reminded under this philosophy. As result of the synthesis, eight general categories of life are defined, and life categorized in 28 social perspectives is given shortly. The importance of meaningful life is discussed.

In this work, history of education is expressed and evaluated generally/specifically by considering the related concepts. Definition and types of education explained with specific approaches in the literature. Early childhood development briefly defined and the correlation with education systems outlined. Five education evolution phases expressed with its basic concepts. The meaning and importance of philosophy of education are then defined according to the general approaches. Some of the important philosophers of education and their philosophical/scientific interests are compared and expressed with a table. New perspective of the philosophy generally defined by considering new era philosophy, eight basic philosophies, and hybrid philosophies. R-Philosophy, R-Science, R-Information, R-Education, and R-System new disciplines are shortly expressed. New perspective for the philosophy of education defined as sub-branch of philosophy of information and explained regarding the basic information on the related theories. 17 education components are defined for continuable/sustainable education, and efficiency, effective use, and improvement/development of each of the components expressed specifically. Performance of the education components for a country-X is given with a figure as an example. Relation between education, values, and basic senses is interpreted. Evaluation of the education due to 17 specific perspectives is generally mentioned. Then, evaluation of the education from philosophical, academic, and administration perspectives is specifically explained. Continuable/sustainable education administration system for a world country is defined with figures. Education system administration is defined with bloc diagrams accordingly. Ideal political/nonpolitical education construction for a progressive world country is outlined with 5x5 table, and related explanations done. Then importance of education due to 39 subjects of services is expressed with a table. Categories of education programs outlined. Digital education & digital tools and engineering education and related five industry evolution phases are defined as special education programs. New proposal is given for Education 5.0 and Engineering Education 5.0.

In this work, general definition and meaning of knowledge, information, data and symbol are expressed generally/specifically, and the differences/relationships between them are briefly discussed. The general definition of system is briefly interpreted, and the semantic contents of the concept “system” expressed with nine perspectives generally. The meaning and importance of philosophy of information are then defined according to the general approaches. Some of the important philosophers of information and their professional interests are evaluated. The meaning and importance of mind, and philosophy of mind are discussed due to general approaches. Some of the philosophers of mind and their interests are evaluated and compared with a table. Systems philosophy is defined in line with general approaches, and its relationships with four main areas are stated. The new perspective of philosophy is then defined by the author generally, and the eight basic branches of philosophy and hybrid philosophy, along with their relevant theories, are briefly outlined. R-Philosophy, R-Science, R-Information, R-Mind, and R-System new disciplines are shortly expressed. New perspective for philosophy of information is defined as complementary branch with other seven basic philosophies. Types of information due to method, size, and content are given with a table. The 23 sub-branches of philosophy of information are defined generally/specifically. Philosophy of basic senses and some other branches are new defined, and new perspectives for philosophy of mind and for some other branches are expressed specifically. 18 hybrid philosophies for information are defined, and their relations with philosophy of information explained generally/specifically. General disciplines and concepts about information are defined shortly, and information science(s), 2D-6D hybrid information sciences, information system(s), and information & communication systems are given with details. New perspective for philosophy of system is defined, and types of system due to methods, size, and content are given with a table. Hybrid philosophies for systems, and some disciplines and concepts about systems are shortly outlined. Systems science(s) are defined due to four categories and each of these categories is explained with detailed tables. Hybrid systems defined by the author are shortly interpreted.

In this work, firstly the general definition of law and types of law are presented. Then general definition of justice and types of justice are explained. Constructional and/or complementary theories are defined as general/specific, and interaction theories, relationship theories, and hybrid theories are specifically mentioned. Accordingly, the interactions between the disciplines of law and justice are explained in more detail. Then, the general definition of engineering and philosophy of engineering are explained. The interactions between engineering and law are specifically evaluated, and interactions between engineering and 52 types of law are defined and case studies found in the literature are indicated for each. Then interactions between engineering and justice briefly mentioned. Relationships/interactions between engineering and 25 different types of justice discussed and evaluated with specific examples. Emphasis was placed on the historical development of the subject of philosophy in general, and philosophy of law was defined more specifically. Some of the philosophers of law and their areas of interest are presented in a table format and compared. The new perspective of philosophy was defined and the disciplines of R-Philosophy, R-Science, R-Justice, R-Law, R-Engineering, and R-Religion were expressed with the relevant basic concepts. New Era Philosophy, new and reconstructed Basic Philosophies, and Ideal Philosophical System explained generally. New perspective for the philosophy of justice is defined by considering the related new theories. Philosophy of defense, philosophy of equity, philosophy of equivalence, philosophy of judgment, philosophy of law, philosophy of protection, philosophy of punishment, and philosophy of rights are defined due to new perspective of philosophy. Also, philosophy of engineering law, philosophy of information technology law, philosophy of telecommunication law, and philosophy of security are defined by taking into account hybrid philosophies and general theories related to them. The interaction of engineering, law, justice, and basic philosophies has been generally expressed.

In this work, a general definition, meaning, and importance of engineering are expressed generally, and the main branches of engineering are briefly discussed. The concept of technology is explored, and the relationship between engineering and technology is briefly outlined. The relationship between artificial intelligence and engineering is examined both generally and specifically. The place of artificial intelligence within science is evaluated according to different approaches. The general approach to philosophy and philosophy of science is briefly interpreted, and the perspectives of some specific philosophers of science are compared. The relationship between artificial intelligence and philosophy of science is examined in general terms according to various approaches. The meaning and importance of philosophy of engineering and philosophy of technology are then defined according to the general approach. The next section articulates the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence and the Artificial Intelligence of Philosophy using John McCarthy’s approach, and also defines the philosophy of artificial intelligence according to this general approach. The New Philosophy Perspective is then defined by the author, and the eight basic branches of Philosophy and Hybrid Philosophy, along with their relevant theories, are briefly outlined. A new perspective has been defined for Philosophy of Science which is one of the basic branches of philosophy. Accordingly, the main sciences, branches of science, and hybrid sciences for the new basic branches of philosophy have been outlined. The new branches of science and the corresponding hierarchy of sciences, based on the broader scale of the universe, have been defined, and the ideal scientific system has been illustrated. The next section briefly outlines the relationships between old and new branches of science. Finally, the structure of some old and new branches of philosophy is examined due to the new perspective of philosophy. The reconstructions of the Philosophy of Computer Science, Philosophy of Statistics, Philosophy of Monetary Values, Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy of Engineering, Philosophy of Information Technologies, Philosophy of Information Law, and Philosophy of Digital Technology, Philosophy of Digital Art, Philosophy of Architecture as defined by the new philosophical perspective, are outlined. The interaction of artificial intelligence philosophy with these branches of philosophy has been generally expressed.

In this work, author evaluated past theories and perspectives behind the definitions of science and/or branches of science. Also some of the philosophers of science and their specific philosophical interests were expressed. Author considered some type of interactions between some disciplines to determine, to solve the philosophical/scientific problems and to define the possible solutions. The purposes of this article are: (i) to define new synthesis method, (ii) to define new perspective for the philosophy of science, (iii) to define relation between new philosophy perspective and philosophy of science, (iv) to define and organize name, number, relations, and correct structure between special science branches and philosophy of science, (v) to define necessary and sufficient number of branches for philosophy of science, (vi) to define and express the importance and place of new philosophy of science perspective in the new system, (vii) to extend the definition/limits of philosophy of science, (viii) to re-define meanings of some philosophical/scientific theories, (ix) to define systematic solution for the conflicts, problems, confusions about philosophy of science, sciences and branches of science, (x) to define new branches of science, (xi) to re-construct branches and hierarchy of science, (xii) to define new theories about science and branches of science. Author considered R-Synthesis as a method for the evaluation of the philosophy, philosophy of science, sciences and branches of science. This R-Synthesis includes evaluation of eight categories of general/specific perspective, 21-dimensions, and 12 general subjects (with related scope and contents) for the past 12,000 years. It is a kind of synthesis of science and non-science, physical science and non-physical science, religious science and non-religious science, and others. In this article, author defined 27 possible definitive/certain result cases for this new synthesis. Author defined the possible formation stages shortly to express new disciplines, new constructional and/or complementary theories. These theories are considered to define 21 major effective disciplines. New philosophy perspective is defined (R-Philosophy) shortly. New perspective and sub branches are defined for the philosophy of science. Major sciences are defined due to new basic philosophies. 42-basic components are defined for each science branch. New and/or re-constructed sciences, branches of science, basic sciences, and new hierarchy of science are defined with figure. Electromagnetic sciences, information sciences, and system sciences are defined specifically. Hybrid Sciences, New Era Science, and Ideal Scientific System are defined with general/specific figure. Relation between the some old branches and new branches of science was expressed generally due to new perspective of philosophy of science.

In this work, author expressed new R-Synthesis specifically. Good and/or correct perspective that must be behind the definitions and administration generally expressed. New perspective of the philosophy explained generally. Philosophy of GodForm is defined and expressed as connected/related with the following concepts: (a) basic principles, (b) 17 upper constructional philosophies, (c) 14 lower constructional philosophies, (d) eight basic philosophies. As special cases, Philosophy of Engineering and Technology, Philosophy of Wireless Administration and others defined as hybrid philosophies. 17 specific components/units which can be considered to define the basic principles of the related formation, are proposed to be designed by GodForm and defined by the author. Philosophy of GodForm and its relation with Values and Positions specifically defined. New Era Theory and New Era Belief explained generally. Some specific religions/beliefs are defined as variants/forms of the Progressive Religion. Good and/or correct power authorities (R-Power Authority) are defined due to 29 categories. Functional position levels defined for the R-Power Authorities with a unique table. As result of the R-Synthesis, functional position levels of some philosophers, some scientists, and of Prophet Jesus, Prophet Mohamed, Prophets Mouses, Buddha, and of Confucius generally/specifically defined. Integration and past/present effects of some R-Power Authorities in 5 x 5 Ideal Political Construction specifically explained. New Era Belief, Concepts of GodX and Science relation explained with the following concepts: (1) Religion of GodForm, (2) Knowledge of GodX, (3) Nature of GodX. With this respect, some other characteristics of 7 GodX power authorities expressed with details as complementary information. Following concepts/systems defined to arrange and solve some/most/all religious problems, which are determined with R-Synthesis: (a) Religious Responsibilities and Positions, (b) Ideal Religious Administration, (c) Sustainable/Continuable Political Administration System, (d) Community Values Council/Authority for each world country, (e) Progressive Councils. 15 general religious position categories defined to express their good and/or correct meanings/values/responsibilities in the religious system. 21 general/specific cases/programs defined due to New Era Belief to solve possible past/present/future community values problems, to have continuous, judicious, and progressive administration about the 36 kinds of community values. Progressive Councils, which are related with the CUS-WW-HO, are defined. Progressive Religion Council and some of the related religious responsibilities expressed for the kind progressive religion studies due to the Philosophy of Progressive Religions.

In this article, author evaluated past/present perspectives about philosophy and branches of philosophy due to historical period, religious perspective, and due to their organized categories/branches or areas. Some types of interactions between some disciplines are given as an example. The purpose of this article is, to solve problems related with philosophy and past branches of philosophy, to define new philosophy perspective in the new system, to define new questions and questioning about philosophy or branches of philosophy, to define new or re-constructed branches of philosophy, to define the relations between the philosophy branches, to define good and/or correct structure of philosophy and branches of philosophy, to extend the definition/limits of philosophy, others. Author considered R-Synthesis as a method for the evaluation of the philosophy and related past branches of philosophy. This R-Synthesis includes general/specific perspective with eight categories, 21-dimensions, and twelve general subjects for the past 12,000 years. It is a kind of synthesis of supernaturalism and naturalism, physics and metaphysics, others. In this article, author expressed 27 possible definitive/certain result cases of the new synthesis and defined the possible formation stages to express new theories, new disciplines, theory of interaction, theory of relation, hybrid theory, and others as constructional and/or complementary theories. These theories are considered for 21 major effective disciplines which are defined for a country and for the world. New philosophy perspective, branches of philosophy, and aims/purposes of R-Philosophy are defined to organize many inquiries about the name, number, and relation between special subject “X” and “philosophy of X” in some manner. This new perspective includes necessary and sufficient number of philosophy branches, and so it limits the number of “philosophy of X” in the philosophical system. New Era Philosophy is defined with its sub branches, its constructional philosophies, and with its 8D hybrid philosophy perspective. Ideal Philosophical System is defined with general/specific figure. Some of the new and/or re-constructed branches of philosophy explained with the new defined set of questions, new sub branches and constructional philosophies. Integration of the past/present branches of philosophy into the ideal philosophical system is explained generally. Philosophical interests of the some past philosophers and their relations with the ideal philosophical system expressed with table.

In this article, author expressed the meaning of “belief”, possible effective factors in human life, and how these factors can be effective on person and/or communities. With this respect, the meaning of religion, the possible interaction and relation between religion and science evaluated. 42 past/present theories of religion and evaluation of the past/present works of the 87 philosophers of religion are explained. Author considered new synthesis (R-Synthesis), and also new era philosophy, new and re-constructed branches of philosophy, and some systems/constructions to express the new perspective for philosophy of religion. Author applied 27(+) possible definitive/certain result cases of the synthesis for R-Religion discipline specifically, and did the followings under new perspective: (i) eliminated some religious subjects, (ii) unified some religious subjects, (iii) modified some religious subjects, (iv) united some religious subjects in upper phase, (v) separated some religious subject, (vi) defined all religious subjects under one framework, (vii) integrated all religious subjects, (viii) defined new religious subjects, (ix) re-defined some religious subjects, (x) removed some religious subjects and put new religious subjects instead, (xi) added some religious subjects, (xii) kept/protected some religious subjects, (xiii) proposed progression for religious subjects, (xiv) changed the priority of some religious subjects, (xv) increased the importance of some religious subjects, (xvi) strengthened the ethics, (xvii) integrated philosophy branches under one framework, (xviii) others. Some of the purposes of this article are: (i) to define new synthesis method, (ii) to define good and/or correct new perspective and structure for philosophy of religion, science of religion, theories of religion, and related subjects, (iii) to extend the definition/limits of philosophy of religion with new perspective, (iv) others. As result of the synthesis, new perspective for philosophy of religion explained by considering the following concepts/sections: (a) theories of religion, (b) 17 upper constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion, (c) eight complementary branches of philosophy of religion, (d) 14 lower constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion, (e) science of religion, (f) new theory of religion and its relations with other disciplines. Author defined New Era Theory, New Era Religion, New Era Belief, Progressive Religion and their relations with other religions, beliefs, religious/non-religious movements, and the relation with other theories of religion. Also, power authorities and functional position levels in the New Era Belief, and Religion of God, Knowledge of God/gods, Nature of God/gods concepts are explained generally/specifically.