•  137
    Kant, garve, and the motives of moral action
    Journal of Moral Philosophy 4 (2): 183-193. 2007.
    against Garve' constitute his reaction to the latter's remarks on Cicero's De Officiis . Two related criticisms of Kant's against Garve are discussed in brief in this paper. A closer look is then taken at Garve's claim that `Kantian morality destroys all incentives that can move human beings to act at all'. I argue that Kant and Garve rely on two different models of human action for their analyses of moral motivation; these models differ in what each takes to be salient for the explanation of hu…Read more
  •  77
    David Humes „ewige Schranke" gegen den Aberglauben
    Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 55 (1): 52-78. 2001.
    David Hume behauptet im Kapitel X der ersten Enquiry, eine "ewige Schranke" gegen den Wunderglauben entdeckt zu haben. Das Argument beruht wesentlich auf Humes innovativer, strikter Unterscheidung von demonstration, proof und probability, sowie dem Nachweis, daß jedem Wunder um seines Wundercharakters willen immer schon ein proof entgegensteht. Wunderzeugnisse hingegen können, aufgrund ihres speziellen Gegenstandes und angesichts der menschlichen Natur, diesem proof allenfalls eine probability e…Read more
  •  67
    The central concept in Kant's _Doctrine of Law_ is the concept of a _person_. This very concept is intimately connected with Kant's theory of transcendental freedom and thus with his Transcendental Idealism. Hence the conceptual framework of the _Doctrine of Law_ and with it the 'Universal Principle of Right' are inseparably connected to Kant's _critical_ moral philosophy and require especially the moral law as their foundation. But nevertheless this does not entail that legal coercion requires …Read more
  •  66
    'The right of a state' in Immanuel Kant's Doctrine of Right
    Journal of the History of Philosophy 28 (3): 403-415. 1990.
    It is a widely accepted opinion that the Doctrine of Right is an imperfect product of Kant's later life, affected by the author's senility. This article shows (by focusing on the 'Right of a State') there is strong evidence that the printed version of 1797 delivers not the text Kant intended to publish, but an incorrect composition out of his manuscript, being assembled by third hand. In the paper the originally intended text is reconstructed by following the internal cross-references given by t…Read more
  •  61
    Es ist schwierig, Kant in der Frage der Willensfreiheit eine der heute üblichen philosophischen Sichtweisen zuzuordnen. Mithilfe des »transzendentalen Idealismus« meint Kant im Ergebnis die Vereinbarkeit von Freiheit und Naturnotwendigkeit begründen zu können. Zugleich hält er an einem Verständnis von Freiheit fest, demzufolge Freiheit »absolute Spontaneität« verlangt und deshalb nicht im Naturnotwendigen aufgehen kann. Seine Antwort verweist mit der Unterscheidung von »Ding an sich« und »Ersche…Read more
  •  52
    Die „consequente Denkungsart der speculativen Kritik“
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 58 (4): 595-628. 2010.
    In his critical writings before 1786 Kant argues that trans¬cendental freedom is a problem for speculative philosophy – and that this problem was solved satisfyingly in 1781 by his own Transcendental Idealism. In the Groundwork, 1785, after having linked the moral law inseparably to transcendental freedom by his discovery of autonomy, Kant claimed that the moral law can be deduced from freedom thus established. But in May 1786 he was persuaded by a review-article that his 1781/85-deduction of fr…Read more
  •  40
    A careful examination of the concept of a "physical law" in modern experimental science reveals that "cause" is a purely metatheoretical term in physics: Causal knowledge is merely pre-nomological knowledge about the explanatory and predictive relevance of our nomological knowledge, and that is: of our theories. While effects are facts, that is, events under a certain (theory-dependent) description, causes are just events. Causal talk comes into play only when physical explanations of certain fa…Read more
  •  40
    Even his peers called Locke's political philosophy “The ABC of Politics“: not only does he clarify why one should exit the state of nature (government guarantees protection of life, freedom, and wealth) but also what a good government has to provide. A government should protect individuals from assaults of fellow citizens, other countries, and itself. Locke also shows how to put limits to the power of political institutions: by division of powers, by law, by neutral judges, and by making people…Read more
  •  38
    Name der Zeitschrift: Kant-Studien Jahrgang: 109 Heft: 1 Seiten: 47-71.
  •  34
    Review: Adam, Despotie der Vernunft? Hobbes, Rousseau, Kant, Hegel (review)
    Journal of the History of Philosophy 38 (4): 591-593. 2000.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Despotie der Vernunft? Hobbes, Rousseau, Kant HegelBernd LudwigArmin Adam. Despotie der Vernunft? Hobbes, Rousseau, Kant Hegel. Reihe praktische Philosophie. Műnchen: Karl Alber Verlag, 1999. Pp. 304. Cloth, DM 74.00.Eine Philosophie der Vernunft bedroht die Freiheit, weil der Versuch einer konsequenten Begründung der politischen Institutionen aus Freiheit und Vernunft den Absolutismus ebendieser Institutionen begünstigt …Read more
  •  31
    Hat Thomas Hobbes gegen Ende seines Pariser Exils mit "Elements", "Rudiments" und "Leviathan" nur verschiedene englische Versionen seiner Politischen Philosophie für unterschiedliche Adressaten veröffentlicht? Eine derartige Erklärung von Hobbes' publizistischer 'broadside on England' scheitert jedoch bereits an der Tatsache, daß die Wiederveröffentlichung der beiden älteren Schriften ohne Hobbes' Wissen oder gar Zutun geschah: Es waren royalistische Raubdrucke. Hobbes' endgültige Darstellung de…Read more
  •  28
    A famous passage in the first Critique (A 557 f.) often gives rise to the belief that Kant had not yet delivered a full treatment of freedom in 1781 and intended to shift this treatment to future writings. However, a closer inspection of the passage reveals that, to the contrary, Kant claims that due to the limitations of human reason his critical account of freedom given thus far must be considered complete. And indeed, this account reappears unchanged in the Groundwork. When considered in this…Read more
  •  26
  •  26
    Was ist Eigentum? Philosophische Eigentumstheorien von Platon bis Habermas (edited book)
    with Andreas Eckl
    C. H. Beck Verlag. 2005.
    Angesichts einer zunehmenden Polarisierung moderner Gesellschaften in Arm und Reich gewinnt das Thema Eigentum wieder an Aktualität und Brisanz. Für die erneut aufbrechende Diskussion ist diese kompetente Überblicksdarstellung der wichtigsten Eigentumstheorien von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart hilfreich und willkommen. Sie zeigt, daß die Frage des Eigentums in der Philosophie vornehmlich unter ethischen und moralischen Gesichtspunkten behandelt wird. So liefert sie wertvolle Denkanstöße und läßt …Read more
  •  25
    The ArgumentIn this paper it will be shown that Newton'sPrincipiagives an explication of and an argument for the first Law of Motion, that seems to be outside the scope of today's philosophy of science but was familiar to seventeenth-century commentators: The foundation of classical mechanics is possible only by recurrence to results of a successful technical practice. Laws of classical mechanics gain their meaning as well as their claims to validity only when considered as statements about arti…Read more
  •  19
    "Handle äußerlich so, daß der freie Gebrauch deiner Willkür mit der Freiheit von jedermann nach einem allgemeinen Gesetz zusammenbestehen könne." Dieses oberste Rechtsprinzip formulierte Kant im ersten Teil der "Metaphysik der Sitten", der "Rechtslehre" (1797). Bereits bei Erscheinen zog der Text die Kritik auf sich, er weise in seiner Anordnung Unstimmigkeiten auf, sei partiell unverständlich Die Neuedition bietet einen von Verderbtheiten völlig bereinigten Text, der damit erstmals in einer Fas…Read more
  •  19
    Kants Kritisches Staatsrecht
    with Karlfriedrich Herb
    Jahrbuch für Recht Und Ethik 2. 1994.
    Contrary to popular assumption, Kant's theory of state experienced a major transformation during the period between "On the Common Saying" of 1793 and the "Metaphysical First Principles of the Doctrine of Right" of 1797. This transformation is primarily expressed in the systematic new formulation of the relationship between "noumenal state" and "phenomenal state". Kant's new system permits him, on the one hand, to develop the idea of state a priori from his theory of private right and thus to sy…Read more
  •  14
    As Kant shows in A 71–76 of the First Critique, his table of the twelve “logical functions of understanding” (in A 70) is an indispensable extension of a table of four well-known logical functions that we find in a section of the Logic that was “already finished” in Aristotle’s times: The Square of Oppositions. The undisputed completeness of this special table thus warrants the completeness of Kant’s general table as well. Any further philosophical proof of completeness for Kant’s table of judge…Read more