Carlos Vera Hoyos

The use of artificial intelligence for political decision-making is in an early stage of development; however, there are several questions that arise about its current and hypothetical uses. These questions often come from areas of philosophy, such as ethics, political philosophy, and logic. In this article, first, the theoretical approaches from which the current and hypothetical uses of artificial intelligence for political decision-making can be interpreted will be presented. These approaches include realistic politics, bureaucracy theory, and conflict theory. Then, the possible uses that artificial intelligence could have in politics, as well as the attempts that have already been made, will be discussed. Subsequently, the logical, ethical, and political problems that the use of artificial intelligence for political decision-making could cause will be outlined. Next, a basic experiment will be presented on what kind of political decisions artificial intelligence could suggest. Finally, the points previously discussed will be analyzed from the mentioned theories. The conclusion reached was that, at the present time, the use of artificial intelligence for political decision-making could align more with the approaches of Machiavelli, focusing primarily on achieving goals such as maintaining power, while downplaying moral dilemmas.

En este ensayo se analiza si el arte creado por inteligencia artificial puede efectivamente considerarse arte y las consideraciones éticas de utilizarla parcial o totalmente para elaborar obras de arte. A partir de la teoría institucional del arte, cuyo precursor fue George T. Dickie, se argumenta que los productos generados por IA sí pueden considerarse arte si son reconocidos como tales por instituciones culturales; por su parte, desde la teoría del arte por el arte—defendida por Théophile Gautier, Victor Cousin, Benjamin Constant y Edgar Allan Poe—se puede considerar que los productos generados por IA sí pueden considerarse arte si cumplen funciones estéticas dentro de un marco cultural determinado. No obstante, prescindir completamente del esfuerzo humano en la creación artística plantea dilemas éticos, sobre todo cuando existe un componente comercial de por medio. Se concluye que la IA puede ser utilizada como herramienta de apoyo, pero que esta no reemplaza a los humanos, ya que para evaluar obras de arte se toma en cuenta el esfuerzo y la sensibilidad de las personas que las crearon.