Daniel Perez

Este trabalho propõe uma análise dos conceitos de sadismo e masoquismo nas obras de Freud, com o objetivo de evidenciar como a teoria do sadismo-masoquismo e as teorias pulsionais se articularam e se influenciaram mutuamente. Em sua primeira teoria pulsional, Freud relaciona o sadismo ao componente agressivo da pulsão que se tornou exacerbado e independente e que, por conta disso, dominou a tendência sexual do sujeito, enquanto o masoquismo é considerado uma continuação do sadismo que retornou contra a própria pessoa. Na segunda teoria das pulsões, com a introdução do conceito de pulsão de morte, a ênfase anteriormente dada ao sadismo recai sobre o masoquismo, agora considerado primário. O masoquismo corresponderia à parte da pulsão de morte que permaneceu no organismo ligada à libido, e o sadismo, parte dessa pulsão desviada aos objetos do mundo externo e posta a serviço da função sexual. Concluímos que não somente a introdução do conceito de pulsão de morte na obra de Freud implicou uma reformulação importante em sua teoria do sadomasoquismo, mas os próprios conceitos de sadismo e masoquismo também exerceram, de certo modo, uma influência na reformulação de sua teoria das pulsões.

Resumen:El esclarecimiento y la determinación exacta de cuáles pueden haber sido las fuentes, autores o ideas que influyeron decisivamente el pensamiento de Friedrich Nietzsche y el modo como tales referencias teórico-conceptuales pudieron haber quedado incorporadas y expresadas luego en toda la extensión de su obra, constituye uno de los asuntos más complejos y difíciles de abordar para la investigación académica especializada. A materializar dicha tarea indagatoria se dirige este artículo, buscando con ello proveer una estrategia de lectura que permita visualizar focalizadamente ciertos elementos centrales de la reflexión nietzscheana que no siempre son bien reconocidos en la investigación respectiva, cuando no quedan desatendidos por completo en el corpus interpretativo que se ha venido consagrando en relación con su quehacer filosófico. Apoyándose en la investigación especializada, este artículo busca precisar el impacto que pudo haber tenido el pensamiento del filósofo F. A. Lange en Nietzsche; sobre todo reconociendo ciertos elementos de la filosofía crítica de Kant que habiendo sido inicialmente recogidos por Lange, fueron luego heredados como remanentes por Nietzsche, aunque también modificados en su obra, fenómeno que hemos denominado “criticismo radical”.Palabras clave: Nietzsche; Lange; Kant; Criticismo radical; Epistemología.

Tsirelson’s problem deals with how to model separate measurements in quantum mechanics. In addition to its theoretical importance, the resolution of Tsirelson’s problem could have great consequences for device independent quantum key distribution and certified randomness. Unfortunately, understanding present literature on the subject requires a heavy mathematical background. In this paper, we introduce quansality, a new theoretical concept that allows to reinterpret Tsirelson’s problem from a foundational point of view. Using quansality as a guide, we recover all known results on Tsirelson’s problem in a clear and intuitive way

The aim of this paper is to present the core of Kant´s critique of traditional metaphysics and ontology as a transcendental semantics that allows reformulating the problem about the objects and their reality. In order to achieve this purpose, we propound a paper divided in two parts: 1. A brief justification of Kant’s semantics interpretation; 2. A work program based on a semantics comprehended as a fundamental part of a method of resolution of philosophical problems. Basically, we can state that the critical position against traditional metaphysics and ontology leads to the question upon: how are a priori synthetic judgments possible? This question leads to its conditions of possibility, that is: sensible representations; intellectual representations; syntactic rules; semantic rules (or referential rules, on the relation between intellectual representations and some sort of sensibility or affection); the operator of the syntactic and semantic rules (subject, man, human nature, gender, people etc.). This is what we call the core of Kant’s critique and with which we may begin to solve philosophical problems even beyond those presented by our philosopher. As such, we are briefly going to observe the following steps: 1. From metaphysics in its various senses to the ontology of sensible objects; 2. A critique of pure reason against dogmatic metaphysics; 3. Criticism as semantics; 4. The semantic project and the kinds of judgments; 5. Human nature and the theory of judgment; 6. The work program within Kant’s own work; 7. Subsequent results of Kant’s project.

This interview features Richard Simanke, a Brazilian philosopher and a key figure in the field of the Philosophy of Psychoanalysis - a philosophical research domain that has developed in a distinctive way in Brazil over the past four decades. The area has been gaining increasing recognition and consolidation both nationally and internationally, as this conversation helps to illustrate. In the interview, Simanke revisits crucial moments in the formation of this field in Brazil, addressing institutional aspects as well as the theoretical debates that have shaped its growth. He reflects on these developments through both his understanding of the field within the Brazilian context and his own contributions to it.

The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a cryptoprocessor designed to provide hardware-based secure storage and protect integrity of modern computers. Communications with the TPM go through the TPM Software Stack (TSS), a popular implementation of which is the open-source library tpm2-tss. It is thus crucial to ensure that no leak of sensitive data may occur in the TSS during communications between the host platform and the TPM. Recent work on deductive verification of functional and safety properties for this library faced several challenges. The purpose of this case study paper is to focus on high-level security properties, and to propose an alternative validation approach for such properties on the library by using runtime verification. We describe the proposed approach, apply it to specify and verify at runtime some key security properties using the Frama-C verification platform and report on our first evaluation results.

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a hipótese de leitura do lugar sistemático da natureza humana na obra de Kant como elemento operador de regras (sujeito) e como objeto sui generis de aplicação de regras práticas. Assim, mostraremos que a pergunta pela possibilidade dos juízos sintéticos, as quatro perguntas kantianas e o esboço do sistema da filosofia transcendental em Opus Postumum ordenam sistematicamente a filosofia transcendental.Palavras-chave: Kant; natureza humana; homem; antropologia; Opus Postumum. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show the hypothesis of reading the systematic place of human nature in Kant’s work as a rule operator (subject) and as a sui generis object of practical rules. We will show that the question of the possibility of synthetic judgments, the four Kantian questions, and the outline of the system of transcendental philosophy in Opus Postumum systematically order transcendental philosophy.Keywords: Kant; human nature; man; anthropology; Opus Postumum.

Este artigo pretende demonstrar que o amor próprio na complacência e no autoengano são os fundamentos da possibilidade do solipsismo moral em Kant. Dividiremos o trabalho em duas partes. A primeira parte indicará que o amor próprio é um princípio volitivo, na medida em que é capaz de transformar uma inclinação em um fim da vontade. Isto é possível porque o ser humano subordina a lei moral à sua própria felicidade. Na segunda parte, o autoengano será avaliado como forma de anular a culpa por meio da intenção e das más consequências da ação. Neste caso, o autoengano é o efeito sensível da força deste tipo de amor egoísta sobre o espírito do ser humano, porque a consciência moral é anulada pelas próprias mentiras. Por fim, será demonstrado que o amor próprio na complacência é a parte formal, um princípio volitivo capaz de transformar uma inclinação em objeto de desejo, e que o autoengano é o efeito sensível que este princípio produz na natureza humana. Palavras-chave: Amor Próprio; Solipsismo Moral; Felicidade; Natureza Humana; Liberdade. Moral solipsism in Kant: the dark side of moral consciousness Abstract: This article aims to demonstrate that self-love in complacency and self-deception are the foundations of the possibility of moral solipsism in Kant. We will divide the work into two parts. The first part will indicate that self-love is a volitional principle, in that it is capable of transforming an inclination into an end of the will. This is possible, since the human being subordinates the moral law to his own happiness. In the second part, self-deception will be evaluated as a way to nullify guilt through intention and the bad consequences of the action. In this case, self-deception is the sensitive effect of the force of this type of selfish love on the spirit of the human being, because moral conscience is annulled by one's own lies. Finally, it will be demonstrated that self-love in complacency is the formal part, a volitional principle capable of transforming an inclination into an object of desire, and that self-deception is the sensitive effect that this principle produces in human nature. Keywords: Self-Love; Moral Solipsism; Happiness; Human Nature; Freedom. Solipsismo moral en Kant: el lado oscuro de la conciencia moral Resumen: Este artículo pretende demostrar que el amor propio en la complacencia y el autoengaño son los fundamentos de la posibilidad del solipsismo moral en Kant. Dividiremos el trabajo en dos partes. La primera parte indicará que el amor propio es un principio volitivo, en cuanto que es capaz de transformar una inclinación en un fin de la voluntad. Esto es posible, ya que el ser humano subordina la ley moral a su propia felicidad. En la segunda parte se evaluará el autoengaño como una forma de anular la culpa a través de la intención y las malas consecuencias de la acción. En este caso, el autoengaño es el efecto sensible de la fuerza de este tipo de amor egoísta sobre el espíritu del ser humano, porque la conciencia moral es anulada por las propias mentiras. Finalmente, se demostrará que el amor propio en la complacencia es la parte formal, un principio volitivo capaz de transformar una inclinación en objeto de querer, y que el autoengaño es el efecto sensitivo que produce este principio en la naturaleza humana. Palabras-clave: Amor Propio; Solipsismo Moral; Felicidad; Naturaleza Humana; Libertad. Data de registro: 30/07/2024 Data de aceite: 30/10/2024.

The aim of this article is to discuss the changes in the conception of language in Jacques Lacan’s teaching based on the transformation of its minimum element, the signifier. We will begin by reconstructing the first definition of the signifier that we find in the Seminar of the 1950s with anthropological-linguistic structuralism, approaching its transformation at the beginning of the 1960s with the introduction of the unary trait. In this paper, we will try to extract each comprehension of language that follows or are derived from the different definitions of signifier. Doing so, we will indicate the solidarity between the element and the structure, that is, how the properties of one interfere in the consistency of the other and how, in the change operated by Lacan on the element, a modification is extracted in the structuring of language.

La flexibilidad y la mercantilización de lo espiritual ¿son aspectos característicos de la cultura contemporánea? Centrado en los casos de Alemania, Inglaterra y Francia, el artículo detalla cómo el romanticismo literario se articula como un movimiento pionero de la espiritualidad flexible, proceso que se entrelaza con su rol seminal en la formación del campo literario moderno. El crecimiento económico y demográfico sostenidos en Europa desde el s. XV, así como la alfabetización impulsada por el protestantismo, construyen un moderno público lector que da pie —durante el s. XVIII— a la revolución y diversificación de la lectura, lo que promueve la difusión de incipientes tendencias modernas (ciencia, Ilustración, prensa). Oponiéndose parcialmente a estas tendencias y extendiendo la diversificación de lo impreso, surge la tendencia romántica. Sus autores flexibilizan la espiritualidad más allá de las convenciones religiosas de la época —y aportan a la formación del campo literario— (1) caracterizando el desencanto y otras formas de malestar moderno; (2) multiplicando el lenguaje imaginario-trascendente; (3) brindando connotaciones metafísicas al genio artístico; (4) promoviendo la autonomía y libertad expresiva del arte. La evidencia indica que el mercado fue una condición histórica básica para la EF. Se sugiere que esta flexibilidad se muestra como una adaptación de la espiritualidad a las circunstancias empíricas de la modernidad, la cual conlleva nuevas necesidades de sentido y una mayor capacidad para divergir de los relatos religiosos tradicionales.

Neste artigo procuramos apresentar os elementos que possibilitam a constituição das identidades coletivas a partir de quatro conceitos fundamentais: a demanda, o significante vazio, a identificação e o gozo. Primeiro, revisitamos Freud trazendo a noção de identificação pensada em sua determinação política. Em seguida, buscamos justificar a especificidade da noção lacaniana de significante vazio, repensado por Ernesto Laclau enquanto um conceito político fundamental implicado na constituição e formação das identidades coletivas. Avançamos na lógica do significante e das demandas insatisfeitas que se organizam basilarmente na composição das identidades coletivas a partir de casos específicos e formalizações. Com este trabalho, temos como objetivo contribuir com a reflexão e debate psicanalítico, filosófico e político acerca das identidades políticas, sociais, de gênero, de diversidade sexual, étnicas e culturais em suas mais variadas formas.

Prior reports suggest that affective effects in visual word processing cannot be fully explained by a dimensional perspective of emotions based on valence and arousal. In the current study, we focused on the contribution of approach and avoidance motivational systems that are related to different action components to the processing of emotional words. To this aim, we compared frontal alpha asymmetries and brain oscillations elicited by anger words associated with approach (fighting) motivational tendencies, and fear words that may trigger either avoidance (escaping), approach (fighting) or no (freezing) action tendencies. The participants’ task was to make decisions about approaching or distancing from the concepts represented by words. The results of cluster-based and beamforming analyses revealed increased gamma power band synchronization for fear words relative to anger words between 725 and 750 ms, with an estimated neural origin in the temporal pole. These findings were interpreted to reflect a conflict between different action tendencies underlying the representation of fear words in semantic and emotional memories, when trying to achieve task requirements. These results are in line with the predictions made by thefear-hinders-actionhypothesis. Additionally, current data highlights the contribution of motivational features to the representation and processing of emotional words.

This article analyses the contested adoption of electric lights by the Spanish Catholic church during the Bourbon Restoration era. Through a careful reading of primary sources, namely Catholic popular magazines, and official documents, it will show how Catholic authorities and practitioners resisted, negotiated and, ultimately, engaged with electricity in religious spaces. The article argues that electric light contributed to wider exchanges in a non-monolithic Spanish Catholicism on the observance of traditional values or the possibilities of the church’s modernization. However, amid a particularly tense moment regarding the secular–clerical relations, the systematic use of electric lights in churches at the turn of the twentieth century—but also in other public ceremonies—contributed to the making of religious sensations aimed at attracting new believers and reasserting the presence of the institution in a disputed public space.

The aim of this paper is to present the core of Kant´s critique of traditional metaphysics and ontology as a transcendental semantics that allows reformulating the problem about the objects and their reality. In order to achieve this purpose, we propound a paper divided in two parts: 1. A brief justification of Kant’s semantics interpretation; 2. A work program based on a semantics comprehended as a fundamental part of a method of resolution of philosophical problems. Basically, we can state that the critical position against traditional metaphysics and ontology leads to the question upon: how are a priori synthetic judgments possible? This question leads to its conditions of possibility, that is: sensible representations; intellectual representations; syntactic rules; semantic rules ; the operator of the syntactic and semantic rules. This is what we call the core of Kant’s critique and with which we may begin to solve philosophical problems even beyond those presented by our philosopher. As such, we are briefly going to observe the following steps: 1. From metaphysics in its various senses to the ontology of sensible objects; 2. A critique of pure reason against dogmatic metaphysics; 3. Criticism as semantics; 4. The semantic project and the kinds of judgments; 5. Human nature and the theory of judgment; 6. The work program within Kant’s own work; 7. Subsequent results of Kant’s project.

El objetivo de este trabajo es pensar una noción no fundamentalista de justicia.Para eso partimos de la concepción poética de justicia en J.L.Borges, que nadatiene que ver con el derecho, ni como su fundamento ni como su consecuencia;continuamos mostrando la noción de derecho que puede ser derivada de unainterpretación kafkiana, donde lo que aparece no es nunca un origen fundamental y si sus instancias . Con esto tenemos, por un lado, justicia y, por otro lado, derecho . En tercer lugar, buscamosreconstruir la elaboración Derrida-Levinas que procura encontrar una noción dejusticia que no sea resultado del derecho, sino su posibilidad o suimposibilidad, anterior a todas las instancias. El último paso es mostrar, desde unpunto de vista kantiano, que una noción de justicia anterior al derecho se presentacomo afectivista lo que puede llevar a una concepción místico-fundamentalista. Finalmente concluiremos que el derecho no tieneningún origen, sino apenas instancias y, por lo tanto, si una noción de justicia noestá relacionada al derecho entoncessolo puede ser poética en el sentido en que nada tiene que ver con el cálculo, ni aúncomo su posibilidad.The aim of this article is to consider a key notion in the foundations of justice.Our analysis is based on J.L. Borges’ poetic conception of justice, according towhich nothing suggests justice has anything to do with right, neither in itsfoundations nor in its consequences. We go on to show the notion of right whichcan be derived from a Kafkanian interpretation, according to which what appearsis never a fundamental origin , but itsinstances . Thus, we have justiceon the other hand, and right on the other. From there, we seek toreconstruct the Derrida-Levinas elaboration, which sought to find a notion ofjustice that is not the result of right, unless it be as a possibility or impossibilityprior to all instances. In the last step, we argue from a Kantian point of view thatthe notion of justice prior to right arises as “affectivist” insofar as it might lead toa mystical-fundamentalist conception . Finally, weconclude that right has no origin whatsoever, other than mere instances.Nonetheless, if this notion of justice is not related to right, , then it can only be poeticinsofar as it has nothing to do with calculation, nor with possibility