Elizaveta Speshilova

This paper examines the dispositional approach to the language introduced by the W. V. O. Quine. The author consideres the naturalistic understanding of the meaning and criticism of “mentalistic theory of ideas”. Dispositional approach to the language is characterized by the fact that: first, language statements are understood as a verbal reaction to the current stimulations or to situations, which are only potentially; second, stimulus meaning is subject’s detailed disposition to agree or disagree with the sentence in response to the stimulation. It is said that Quine’s ideas of ontological relativity, indeterminacy of translation and reference associated with dispositional approach to the language.

The article deals with the problem of future contingents in Aristotle. According to Aristotle, clarification of «conclusion’s principles» is included in the subject of philosophy along with the study of being as such. The law of contradiction and the law of the excluded middle are reliable and unconditional principles of conclusion. However, the example with the statements about future events either calls into question the universality of these «conclusion’s principles» or leads to «epistemic fatalism». The author analyzes the original formulation and the solution of this problem in сhapter 9 of the treatise of Aristotle «On interpretation».