Georg Meggle

Social Facts and Collective Intentionality is a combination of terms that refers to a new field of basic research. Written mainly in the mood and by means of analytical philosophy, at the very heart of this new approach is conceptual explication of all the various versions of social facts and collective intentionality and its ramifications. This approach tackles the topics of traditional social philosophy using new conceptual methods, including techniques of formal logic, computer simulations, and artificial intelligence. Such research also addresses careful research relating to ontological, epistemological, normative and--last but not least-- methodological questions. This volume represents the state of the art in this new field. The volume and its contributors tackle a series of vexing issues in the social sciences: (1) the sense of affiliation to large in contrast to small groups, (2) whether collective membership is the same as common knowledge, (3) the worth of information exchange based on faulty data, (4) the difference between standards of information and transfer of information, and (5) whether reliability is grounded in personal experience or as members in epistemic communities or networks. Contributors to this volume have a strong commitment to the social or collective character and mutual interplay of scientific information. "Collective Intentionality" is the term chosen by researchers working in this cross-disciplinary field. The group is currently conducting research in areas such as artificial intelligence, linguistics, logic, and the philosophy of the social sciences. Its work is distinguished by issues of collective behavior such as jointness, groupness, we and us. The present volume covers the state of the art of collective analysis, while fully appreciating that it is a stepping stone, albeit an important one, in redirecting the attention of basic philosophy away from the individual to the collective mode of exact analysis. Georg Meggle is professor for philosophical foundations of anthropology and of cognitive sciences at the University of Leipzig, Germany. He is a key contributor to Realism in Action with a study of Common Belief and Common Knowledge, and author of an earlier study of theoretical foundations of semantics.

Was ist Terrorismus? Wie kann man ihn verstehen und. erklären? Wie ist Terrorismus moralisch/rechtlich/politisch zu beurteilen? Und wie geht man mit ihm am besten um? Das sind die Fragen, die man sich bei einer rationalen Befassung mit Terror und Gegen-Terror-Maßnahmen zu stellen hat. Dieses Buch weicht diesen schwierigen Fragen nicht aus. Orientierungshilfe in solchen gesellschaftlichen Grundsatzfragen anzubieten - das ist eine der zentralen Aufgaben einer Universität: Und so gehen die Beiträge dieses Bandes auf eine zweisemestrige öffentliche Ringvorlesung an der Universität Leipzig 2002/2003 zurück. Diese Veranstaltung war nicht rein akademisch: Außer Wissenschaftlern kommen daher auch Generäle, Journalisten, Pfarrer und Politiker zu Wort. Die Autoren kommen aus Deutschland, Australien, Israel, der Schweiz und den USA. Terror & der Krieg gegen ihn - beides ist, der Intention wie den Wirkungen nach, engstens mit Bildern verknüpft. Mit Bildern der Gewalt - und mit Bildern, mit denen Gewalt ausgeübt wird. Auch dieser Aspekt wird in diesem Band dokumentiert.

Communication can mean many different things. As far as Communicative Action is concerned, here we distinguish between Communication Attempts, Successful Communicative Action and Understood but Unsuccessful Communicative Action, as well as whether the respective actions already have a regular meaning. What are the respective rationality presuppositions? This is resolved for all the above concepts of Communicative Action. As is the case for all actions, Communicative Actions also require us to differentiate between various rationality types: action rationality, the reasons behind an action, and situation-relative personal rationality