H. Cumaili

This study examines divine names and attributes across the Abrahamic traditions through a comparative textual, theological, and linguistic framework. The research analyzes how the Torah, Gospel traditions, and the Qur’an construct the understanding of God through sacred naming, revelation language, divine authority, mercy, transcendence, judgment, and covenantal structure. Particular attention is given to the continuity and transformation of theological language across the Abrahamic scriptures, especially concerning divine unity, revelation, sacred presence, mercy, sovereignty, and the relationship between God and humanity. The study further explores the theological function of divine names as structures of meaning within scriptural discourse rather than merely devotional titles, while emphasizing the historical and interpretive development of sacred language across the Abrahamic traditions. This work forms part of the broader research project: The Definition of God: A Comparative Abrahamic Study.

This study examines the definition of God within the Abrahamic scriptural traditions through a comparative textual and theological analysis of the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur’an. The research investigates how the concept of God develops across the historical continuum of revelation while analyzing the relationship between divine unity, prophecy, sacred law, mediation, and theological representation. The study focuses on the continuity and transformation of divine description across the Abrahamic traditions and explores how language, interpretation, and historical context shaped the understanding of God within Jewish, Christian, and Islamic thought. The work further examines tensions between transcendence and immanence, revelation and interpretation, and continuity and reinterpretation within the broader framework of comparative Abrahamic studies.

This study examines the phrase “ḥemdat kol ha-goyim” in Haggai 2:7 through lexical, semantic, and comparative analysis. Rather than treating the expression as a fixed theological concept, the paper explores its ambiguity within the Hebrew textual tradition and traces how later interpretations stabilized its meaning across different historical and religious contexts. The study analyzes the Hebrew root Ḥ-M-D and compares its semantic development with the Arabic root Ḥ-M-D, highlighting the divergence between desire and praise within related Semitic structures. It further examines the role of the Septuagint and later rabbinic interpretation in shaping the reception of the phrase. The paper argues that meaning emerges first within the instability of the text itself before being resolved through interpretive tradition. Within the broader framework of Haggai, the discussion becomes part of a larger theological question concerning the relationship between sacred structure, divine presence, and religious continuity after historical rupture.

This work presents a textual-historical analysis of divine communication across the Abrahamic traditions, with particular focus on the development of theological language from Moses to the last prophet. Rather than treating religious texts as fixed or static systems, the study approaches them as evolving structures shaped by transmission, interpretation, and historical context. By examining key biblical texts and their reception, the work traces how the concept of God is articulated, transformed, and sometimes obscured within scripture. The study highlights tensions within the text itself between transcendence and anthropomorphic representation and argues that these tensions are not contradictions but indicators of layered textual development. Through a close reading of primary sources, the work seeks to reconstruct the original horizon of meaning and to distinguish between revelation, interpretation, and later theological construction.