Jorge Sanchez

Purpose This study aims to examine how university students ethically evaluate two uses of large language models (LLMs) in academic essay writing and, more centrally, whether ethical evaluations operate as empirical bottlenecks for behavioural intention across these scenarios. Using necessary condition analysis (NCA), the paper investigates whether higher intention co-occurs only when ratings on four ethical dimensions exceed minimum levels: moral justice (JU), relativism (RE), consequentialist evaluation (CO) and deontology (DE). Design/methodology/approach A sample of 151 students from two Spanish universities evaluated two scenarios: using an LLM to improve an already written essay and using it to generate most of the content. After each scenario, participants reported their behavioural intention and ethical assessments. Paired t-tests and repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) compared the scenarios, while NCA assessed whether each ethical dimension acted as a necessary condition for intention. Findings Ethical evaluations and intention to use LLMs were significantly higher in the editing scenario, indicating that students differentiate between uses with different moral intensities. Ratings in the generative scenario remained moderately positive, and intention slightly exceeded neutrality, revealing ambivalence. NCA indicated that, in this sample, low levels of JU, RE and CO were not observed alongside higher intention in either scenario, with less demanding bottlenecks in the generative scenario. DE emerged as a necessary condition only in the editing scenario; in the generative scenario, it did not appear as a bottleneck in the NCA sense. Research limitations/implications The convenience sample, self-reported measures and cross-sectional design limit generalisability and causal inference. Practical implications Findings underscore the need for differentiated institutional policies, strengthened ethics education and assessment redesign. Social implications The framework used here can be adapted to examine LLM use in domains with deeper moral stakes, helping anticipate ethical risks and guide responsible AI adoption in society. Originality/value This study extends research on students’ ethical evaluations of LLM use by introducing a necessary condition perspective, which is still rare in academic integrity research. Rather than only showing that one scenario is judged more acceptable than the other, the paper identifies which ethical dimensions act as empirical bottlenecks for intention and shows that these bottlenecks vary across scenarios. Within this framework, the asymmetric role of DE emerges as a substantive finding.

This paper explores the impact of art and educational practices on fostering the psychosocial well-being and human rights awareness of migrant children residing in shelters at the U.S.-Mexico border. This population often faces acute vulnerabilities due to migratory status and exposure to trauma during transit, including violence, displacement, and family separation. The study emphasizes the collaborative efforts of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and early childhood educators within these shelters. Data collection entailed conducting interviews with early childhood educators, art instructors, and literacy mediators who work directly with migrant children. Observations were carried out in reading rooms and multilevel classroom settings, focusing on the structure and flow of activities to ensure they addressed the emotional and psychological needs of the children involved. This research is situated against the backdrop of migrant families and children entrapped at the U.S.-Mexico border due to the Remain in Mexico and Title 42 policies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. These policies have resulted in prolonged stays in shelters for asylum-seeking families, creating environments characterized by immigration uncertainty, limited resources, and emotional strain. The findings illuminate the effectiveness of art and educational practices and the crucial role of early childhood educators in helping children process trauma, express their emotions, and develop a sense of identity and agency amidst challenging circumstances.

Sport is an emotional experience. Studies have shown that high emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with better sports performance, though different aspects of sports experience and their relationship with EI are still unclear. This study examined the possible relationships between sports experience and EI dimensions of undergraduate athletes. Likewise, according to the differences described in the literature between men and women, the secondary aim was to identify the possible relationship between EI and sports experience in both subgroups. A total of 1784 [712 men (39.9%), 1072 women (60.1%); mean age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.2)] undergraduate athletes completed the Trait Meta Mood Scale and a sports experience questionnaire. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann–Whitney-Uand H-Kruskal–Wallis tests and correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation. We found that the number of different sports practiced and the number of years practicing sports were positively associated with emotional repair (ER). However, the number of years practicing sports was negatively associated with emotional attention (EA). Male athletes who trained more and had a higher competitive level were more likely to show higher ER. In any case, it is necessary to take into account that all the associations were weak. Our study suggested that athletes tend to attend to and value their feelings and use positive thinking to repair their negative moods.

El Trabajo por Proyectos es una metodología muy apropiada para utilizarla en la enseñanza superior, por su carácter investigador. El aprendizaje es activo, involucra al alumno y trabaja otras capacidades cognitivas distintas a las que se desarrollan con la clase magistral. Con la implantación, este curso, del llamado Plan Bolonia, algunos profesores pertenecientes al Grupo de Innovación Educativa Didáctica de las Matemáticas de la UPM, nos planteamos introducir en la asignatura de primer curso del Grado de Arquitectura, denominada Geometría Euclídea, Afín y Proyectiva algunos cambios dirigidos a este tipo de aprendizaje.

Dos hilos impulsan estas líneas: la reflexión sobre uno de los acontecimientos cruciales de este fin de siglo en Europa, la masacre de Srebrenica, y la necesidad de contribuir a la tarea colectiva de reconstruir una tradición filosófica en lengua castellana más allá de las clásicas distinciones de géneros. Ambos propósitos confluirían, metonímica y metafóricamente, en un nombre, Machado, y una obra, el Juan de Mairena. Los textos del apócrifo del poeta, tan próximo en algunos momentos al pensamiento de Lévinas o Heidegger, pueden contribuir a articular un examen crítico, insertado en una tradición, sobre ese símbolo de nuestra época.

En este artículo analizo las consecuencias del exilio en varios personajes de Los detectives salvajes de Roberto Bolaño, específicamente Ulises Lima y Arturo Belano, quienes, tras la muerte de Cesárea Tinajero, se marchan de México e inician un recorrido por países de Europa, Medio Oriente, Centroamérica y África. Este desarraigo físico, ideológico y espiritual, causado por la pérdida de sus ideales de juventud, los hace vivir “vidas líquidas”, esto es, vidas regidas por las experiencias de inseguridad, incertidumbre y desprotección. El tema del exilio también afecta la estructura de la novela, sobre todo en lo que tiene que ver con la utilización, en la segunda parte, de múltiples narradores que van contando anécdotas sobre Lima, Belano y otros miembros del realismo visceral. Para abordar estos temas reviso el concepto de “modernidad líquida”, acuñado por Zygmunt Bauman, teniendo en cuenta que, para él, la modernidad líquida ha incentivado la extraterritorialidad en el hombre contemporáneo, así como el culto a lo efímero que afecta todos los aspectos de nuestras vidas, incluyendo la concepción de nosotros mismos y de nuestras relaciones sentimentales