Juan M. Cruz

El presente histórico es una acumulación de los pasados que lo han posibilitado. Referir esa acumulación real es precisamente “narrar”. Tanto Ortega y Gasset como Ricoeur han descrito el sentido de la “razón narrativa”, que para Ortega es también la “razón histórica”. Pero, a juicio del autor, la razón histórica no expresa todo lo que el hombre es; por lo que apela a una inteligencia sensibilizada que permita comprender no sólo el ser histórico, mediante una configuración inventiva de los eventos, sino el fondo ontológico del hombre.

Gabriel Vázquez explained that natural law is properly «the whole of radical or structural requirements of human nature as such, which is biological and rational at the same time». Natural law has also «self-consistency» by its own nature, and not by the consent or will of anyone, not even God. There is a double natural law: the primary one is the rational nature, and the secondary one is the judgment of our reason. This secondary natural law, based on the rational nature —which is our first moral rule—, gives a guideline, a practical judgment about the morality and immorality of human acts. The first is properly rule, the second is properly law. The present study examines this dual intentional structure of natural law.