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235Blame for Hum(e)an beings: The role of character information in judgments of blameSocial Psychological and Personality Science. forthcoming.How does character information inform judgments of blame? Some argue that character information is indirectly relevant to blame because it enriches judgments about the mental states of a wrongdoer. Others argue that character information is directly relevant to blame, even when character traits are causally irrelevant to the wrongdoing. We propose an empirical synthesis of these views: a Two Channel Model of blame. The model predicts that character information directly affects blame when this in…Read more
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15Looking at Mental Images: Eye‐Tracking Mental Simulation During Retrospective Causal JudgmentCognitive Science 48 (3). 2024.How do people evaluate causal relationships? Do they just consider what actually happened, or do they also consider what could have counterfactually happened? Using eye tracking and Gaussian process modeling, we investigated how people mentally simulated past events to judge what caused the outcomes to occur. Participants played a virtual ball‐shooting game and then—while looking at a blank screen—mentally simulated (a) what actually happened, (b) what counterfactually could have happened, or (c…Read more
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3The Problem of Balance in Philosophy of ReligionProceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 42 (n/a): 119-125. 1968.
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15Empty StreetsDiacritics 49 (3): 112-125. 2021.Abstract:This visual essay invites renewed reflection on the iconography of the people. In the spring of 2020, Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei prohibited citizens from leaving their homes to help contain the spread of the novel coronavirus known as Covid-19. Doing little to manage the spread of the virus, these curfew events gave new aesthetic and political meaning to a familiar visual genre: photographs of empty streets. For more than a century, and especially in the summer of 2020, …Read more
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41Double Prevention, Causal Judgments, and CounterfactualsCognitive Science 46 (5). 2022.Cognitive Science, Volume 46, Issue 5, May 2022.
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511Norms Affect Prospective Causal JudgmentsCognitive Science 45 (1). 2021.People more frequently select norm-violating factors, relative to norm- conforming ones, as the cause of some outcome. Until recently, this abnormal-selection effect has been studied using retrospective vignette-based paradigms. We use a novel set of video stimuli to investigate this effect for prospective causal judgments—i.e., judgments about the cause of some future outcome. Four experiments show that people more frequently select norm- violating factors, relative to norm-conforming ones, as …Read more
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45Ethical Operating SystemsIn Giuseppe Primiero & Liesbeth De Mol (eds.), Reflections on Programming Systems: Historical and Philosophical Aspects, Springer Verlag. pp. 235-260. 2018.A well-ingrained and recommended engineering practice in safety-critical software systems is to separate safety concerns from other aspects of the system. Along these lines, there have been calls for operating systems that implement ethical controls in an ethical layer separate from, and not amenable to tampering by, developers and modules in higher-level intelligence or cognition layers. There have been no implementations that demonstrate such a marshalling of ethical principles into an ethical…Read more
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23Two challenges for a dual system approach to temporal cognitionBehavioral and Brain Sciences 42. 2019.Hoerl & McCormack propose a two-system account of temporal cognition. We suggest that, following other classic proposals where cognitive systems are putatively independent, H&M's two-system hypothesis should, at a minimum, involve a difference in the nature of the representations upon which each system operates, and a difference in the computations they carry out. In this comment we offer two challenges aimed at showing that H&M's proposal does not meet the minimal requirements and.
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27Facing Risk: Levinas, Ethnography, and EthicsAnthropology of Consciousness 18 (2): 29-55. 2007.This article examines methodological and ethical issues of ethnographic research through the lens of Emmanuel Levinas's philosophy. Levinas is relevant to a critical analysis of ethnographic methods because his philosophy turns on the problematic relationship between self and other, among other important problems that define and guide contemporary anthropological research, including questions of responsibility, justice, and solidarity. This article utilizes Levinas's philosophy to outline a phen…Read more
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34Undergraduate Apprentices in Introductory Philosophy CoursesTeaching Philosophy 11 (1): 55-61. 1988.
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Disciplining the deadIn Gail Weiss & Honi Fern Haber (eds.), Perspectives on Embodiment: The Intersections of Nature and Culture, Routledge. 1999.