Lin Li

European and American scholars on the history of Chinese thought Han's research interests, the most important philosophy of Lao Tzu, times, and similarities and differences between Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism problem. Since metaphysics takes the "easy", "old", "village" San Xuan of science-based, while the Northern and Southern Dynasties period of cultural change and more colorful, so the similarities and differences between the three religions of the dispute touches upon "religious," "philosophy" of "political "The intricate nature of the subject among the three, it caused considerable interest to explore the Western sinology. This is the Chinese academic circles in Europe and America, "Metaphysics," the discussion, especially with its on Wang Bi, Ji Kang, Guo Xiang, Seng-chao and others, research-based, slightly elected representative number of articles, a little trial review, to watch his to. The Western Sinological society's interests in Chinese history of thoughts are firstly the philosophy of Lao-zi and secondly the differences and similarities between Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. While Neo-Taoism is mostly based on the doctrines of Yi Jing, Lao-zi and Zhuang-zi, and the culture in the turbulent Wei and Jin Periods is versatile, many complicated issues about "religion," "philosophy," and "politics" involved in the debate about differences and similarities between Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism appeals to the Western Sinological society. In this paper, we will review some of their representative works on Neo-Taoism in the Wei and Jin Periods, with the studies on Wang Bi, Ji Kang, Guo Xiang, and Seng Zhao in particular

Research in second language pragmatics has paid increasing attention to learners’ individual differences, but few studies have examined the relationship between learners’ willingness to communicate in L2 and their pragmatic competence. To this end, this study investigates the association between WTC and pragmatic awareness and comprehension of Chinese as a second language learners. A total of 80 CSL learners studying abroad in three universities in China participated in this study. Data were collected through a WTC questionnaire, a self-perceived communication competence questionnaire, a pragmatic awareness judgment task, and a multiple-choice test for pragmatic comprehension. Statistical analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between the learners’ pragmatic awareness and pragmatic comprehension on the one hand and their WTC and SPCC in L2 on the other. The findings indicated that SPCC correlated positively with the learners’ L2 pragmatic comprehension, but not with their L2 pragmatic awareness. No correlation was found between WTC and pragmatic awareness and comprehension. The results suggest that SPCC may contribute to learners’ L2 pragmatic comprehension; some implications for teaching and future research directions are also discussed.

Objective: To systematically analyze the effects of art therapy on the levels of depression, anxiety, blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin in diabetic patients.Methods: We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from inception to January 24, 2021. The language of publication was limited to English. Randomized controlled trials that used art therapy to improve mental disorders in diabetic patients were involved. After selection of eligible studies, data were extracted, including the first author's full-name, year of publication, the first author's country of residence, number of intervention and control groups, the mean age of participants, method of intervention, duration of follow-up, and outcome measures. Assessment of quality of the included studies and data extraction were independently carried out by two researchers. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform statistical analysis.Results: A total of 396 samples from five studies were included, and the eligible studies were RCTs with a parallel design. Methods of art therapy included music therapy and painting therapy. The results showed that compared with the control group, art therapy could positively affect the levels of depression [standardized mean difference, −1.36; 95% confidence interval, ; P < 0.00001] and blood glucose in diabetic patients [mean difference, −0.90; 95% CI, ; P < 0.0001], while it had no influence on the levels of anxiety [SMD, −0.31; 95% CI, ; P = 0.32] and glycated hemoglobin [MD, 0.22; 95% CI, ; P = 0.07].Conclusion: Art therapy may have significant effects on the levels of depression and blood glucose for diabetic patients.