Maël Lemoine

University of Bordeaux
  •  1
    La définition des « troubles mentaux »
    L’Enseignement Philosophique 62 (2): 58-70. 2012.
  •  4
    Introduction
    Lato Sensu: Revue de la Société de Philosophie des Sciences 8 (2): 1-5. 2021.
  •  111
    The temporal dynamic of emotional emergence
    with Thomas Desmidt, Catherine Belzung, and Natalie Depraz
    Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 13 (4): 557-578. 2014.
    Following the neurophenomenological approach, we propose a model of emotional emergence that identifies the experimental structures of time involved in emotional experience and their plausible components in terms of cognition, physiology, and neuroscience. We argue that surprise, as a lived experience, and its physiological correlates of the startle reflex and cardiac defense are the core of the dynamic, and that the heart system sets temporally in motion the dynamic of emotional emergence. Fina…Read more
  •  2
    Trois conceptions sémantiques des théories en médecine
    Lato Sensu: Revue de la Société de Philosophie des Sciences 1 (1): 1-11. 2014.
    La conception traditionnelle des théories scientifiques en philosophie de langue anglaise, qu’on appelle la « received view », et qui culmine au début des années 1960, posait de nombreux obstacles à une conception des théories scientifiques en biologie et en médecine. La conception sémantique des théories scientifiques qui lui succéda permit de lever ces obstacles, mais pas de différencier les théories en biologie expérimentale et en médecine. Le présent article met en évidence comment, en s’app…Read more
  •  13
    En France, l'épistémologie de la médecine est facilement réduite à l'étude du magistral essai de Canguilhem, Le normal et le pathologique. Toutefois, ce livre publié il y a plus de soixante-dix ans ne reflète plus l'état des sciences médicales contemporaines, ni celui des débats poursuivis par les philosophes des sciences depuis. Le présent livre, premier du genre en langue française, a pour ambition d'introduire le lecteur à la philosophie des sciences médicales. Ses dix chapitres initieront le…Read more
  •  13
  •  19
    Philosophy of medicine in 2021
    Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 42 (5): 187-191. 2021.
  •  48
    The prospects of precision psychiatry
    Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 42 (5): 193-210. 2021.
    Since the turn of the twenty-first century, biomedical psychiatry around the globe has embraced the so-called precision medicine paradigm, a model for medical research that uses innovative techniques for data collection and analysis to reevaluate traditional theories of disease. The goal of precision medicine is to improve diagnostics by restratifying the patient population on the basis of a deeper understanding of disease processes. This paper argues that precision is ill-fitting for psychiatry…Read more
  •  68
    The visibility of philosophy of science in the sciences, 1980–2018
    with Mahdi Khelfaoui, Yves Gingras, and Thomas Pradeu
    Synthese 199 (3-4): 1-31. 2021.
    In this paper, we provide a macro level analysis of the visibility of philosophy of science in the sciences over the last four decades. Our quantitative analysis of publications and citations of philosophy of science papers, published in 17 main journals representing the discipline, contributes to the longstanding debate on the influence of philosophy of science on the sciences. It reveals the global structure of relationships that philosophy of science maintains with science, technology, engine…Read more
  •  86
    Defining aging
    Biology and Philosophy 35 (5): 1-30. 2020.
    Aging is an elusive property of life, and many important questions about aging depend on its definition. This article proposes to draw a definition from the scientific literature on aging. First, a broad review reveals five features commonly used to define aging: structural damage, functional decline, depletion, typical phenotypic changes or their cause, and increasing probability of death. Anything that can be called ‘aging’ must present one of these features. Then, although many conditions are…Read more
  •  7
    In our commentary on Lynch et al.’s target paper, we focus on decomposition as a research strategy. We argue that not only the presumptive microbial causes but also their supposed phenotypic effects need to be decomposed relative to each other. Such a dual decomposition strategy ought to improve the way in which causal claims in microbiome research can be made and understood.
  •  9
    In our commentary on Lynch et al.’s target paper, we focus on decomposition as a research strategy. We argue that not only the presumptive microbial causes but also their supposed phenotypic effects need to be decomposed relative to each other. Such a dual decomposition strategy ought to improve the way in which causal claims in microbiome research can be made and understood.
  •  12
    In our commentary on Lynch et al.’s target paper, we focus on decomposition as a research strategy. We argue that not only the presumptive microbial causes but also their supposed phenotypic effects need to be decomposed relative to each other. Such a dual decomposition strategy ought to improve the way in which causal claims in microbiome research can be made and understood.
  •  10
    Introduction: the plurality of modeling
    with Huneman Philippe and Lemoine Maël
    History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 36 (1): 5-15. 2014.
    Philosophers of science have recently focused on the scientific activity of modeling phenomena, and explicated several of its properties, as well as the activities embedded into it. A first approach to modeling has been elaborated in terms of representing a target system: yet other epistemic functions, such as producing data or detecting phenomena, are at least as relevant. Additional useful distinctions have emerged, such as the one between phenomenological and mechanistic models. In biological…Read more
  •  26
    Animal extrapolation in preclinical studies: An analysis of the tragic case of TGN1412
    Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 61 35-45. 2017.
    According to the received view, the transportation view, animal extrapolation consists in inductive prediction of the outcome of a mechanism in a target, based on an analogical mechanism in a model. Through an analysis of the failure of preclinical studies of TGN1412, an innovative drug, to predict the tragic consequences of its first-in-man trial in 2006, the received view is challenged by a proposed view of animal extrapolation, the chimera view. According to this view, animal extrapolation is…Read more
  •  26
    Neither from words, nor from visions: understanding p-medicine from innovative treatments
    Lato Sensu, Revue de la Société de Philosophie des Sciences 4 (2): 12-23. 2017.
    Despite its vagueness Personalized, Precision, P4, P5, individualized, stratified medicine—or p-medicine in short—has become an increasingly popular term in biomedical literature. Philosophers have attempted to analyze what these various terms involve and have discussed consequences for medical practices. In this article, I argue that an important question remains unaddressed: what has made this project of p-medicine convincing to so many? My argument is that without real achievements, it would …Read more
  •  3
    La médecine ne se contente pas de diagnostiquer et de traiter des maladies : elle vise aussi à les expliquer. En cela, elle prend pied de plein droit dans le domaine de la science. En quoi consistent les explications médicales, et qu'est-ce qui les singularise au sein des explications en biologie? La première caractéristique des explications médicales est leur pluralité. La médecine semble en effet réunir sous un même label des explications très diverses, voire hétérogènes, unies seulement par l…Read more
  •  6
    L'émergence De La Médecine Scientifique (review)
    Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 138 (4): 593-594. 2013.
  •  9
    Philosophie de la médecine: Volume 2, Santé, maladie, pathologie
    with Elodie Giroux
    Librairie Philosophique J Vrin. 2012.
    English summary: Based on the famous essay by Georges Canguilhem on what is normal and pathological (originally published in 1943), extensive philosophical literature (mainly Anglo-Saxon) has attempted to define these concepts and analyze their status. The main discussion focuses on the following question: can you describe health and illness as natural phenomena or are they states that are determined by values? French text. French description: Depuis le celebre essai de Georges Canguilhem sur le…Read more
  •  16
    The meaning of the opposition between the healthy and the pathological and its consequences
    Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 12 (3): 355-362. 2009.
    If the healthy and the pathological are not merely judgments qualifiers, but real phenomena, it must be possible to define both of them positively, which, in this context, means as factual contraries. On the other hand, only a privative definition, either of the pathological as ‘non-healthy’, or of the healthy as ‘non-pathological’, can rationally circumscribe all possible states of an organism. This fluctuation between two meanings of the ‘healthy’–‘pathological’ opposition, factual vs. rationa…Read more
  •  74
    How does a psychiatrist infer from an observed condition to a case of mental disorder?
    Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (5): 979-983. 2012.
    The main thesis of this paper is that mental health practitioners can legitimately infer that a patient's given condition is a case of mental disorder without having diagnosed any specific mental disorder. The article shows how this is justifiable by relying either on psychopathological reasoning, on 'intentional' analysis or possibly on other modes of reasoning. In the end, it highlights the clinical and philosophical consequences of the plurality of modes of 'inferences to mental disorder'
  • La naissance de la méthode statistique en médecine : le XVIIIe S. et la querelle de l'inoculation 
    Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Et d'Epistémologie des Sciences de la Vie 13 (2). 2006.
  •  39
    Because biologization of psychiatric constructs does not involve derivation of laws, or reduce the number of entities involved, the traditional term of ‘reduction’ should be replaced. This paper describes biologization in terms of redefinition, which involves changing the definition of terms sharing the same extension. Redefinition obtains through triangulation and calibration, that is, respectively, detection of an object from two different spots, and tweaking parameters of detection in order t…Read more
  •  31
    M. Henry voit à tort chez Maine de Biran la distinction entre trois figures du corps propre: corps objectif (extérieur et mondain), corps organique (terme résistant de l'effort), et corps subjectif (confondu avec l'ego). Maine de Biran distingue bien trois corps, mais le troisième, loin d'être confondu avec l'ego, est un corps de pure passivité duquel l'ego est absent. Cet état d'affectivité pure étudié par Biran répond à la critique par M. Henry de sa théorie de la passivité, et corrige la théo…Read more
  •  4
    Bergson: la durée et la nature (edited book)
    with Jean-Louis Vieillard-Baron
    Presses universitaires de France. 2004.
    Durée et nature sont chez Bergson deux termes liés en ce que l'intuition majeure du philosophe, qui est l'expérience de se replacer dans la durée, induit une nouvelle conception, dynamique et évolutive de la nature. Loin d'introduire dans un subjectivisme métaphysique, Bergson avec la durée nous ouvre une nouvelle philosophie de la nature. Le but de cet ouvrage est de contribuer à replacer Bergson dans le débat contemporain en passant par la voie royale de sa philosophie, l'intuition de la durée…Read more