Manotar Tampubolon

This study investigates the relationship between legal semiotics, ageing, and the protection of rights, focusing on the discriminatory practices that ageing populations encounter within legal systems. Although there has been a growing emphasis on human rights, the elderly are still largely overlooked in legal scholarship that involves semiotic analysis. The research seeks to fill this void by exploring how legal texts, symbols, and discourses both support and marginalize older individuals. A qualitative approach was employed, integrating doctrinal analysis with critical discourse analysis to examine international conventions, domestic laws, and court rulings. Secondary data from legal databases, academic articles, and reports from international organizations were reviewed to uncover patterns of implicit ageism. The study highlights a significant gap in the literature: while race and gender receive considerable focus, the semiotics of ageing is still insufficiently addressed. This research adds to the legal field by applying a semiotic perspective to the analysis of age-related rights and discrimination, underscoring the significance of interpretive practices in law. The findings indicate that legal language can unintentionally reinforce stereotypes, which can undermine the rights of older individuals. A semiotic approach can help to reveal these biases, leading to more inclusive interpretations of the law. The study concludes by calling for a more nuanced understanding of legal hermeneutics that considers the complex relationship between law, language, and societal values, aiming to protect the dignity and rights of ageing populations. This research provides both theoretical and practical insights, recommending a shift in legal practices and policies to combat structural ageism.

Multimodal argumentation-combining textual, visual, and symbolic reasoning-has become an essential framework for analyzing and interpreting legal codes. However, its use in legal scholarship faces significant challenges due to the rigid nature of legal language and its strong textual focus. This study critically explores the difficulties in implementing multimodal argumentation for legal code interpretation, emphasizing its effects on clarity, accessibility, and adaptability across various legal systems. Methodologically, the research utilizes qualitative content analysis of secondary data, including legal documents, judicial interpretations, and scholarly literature on semiotics and legal theory. By examining secondary data from comparative legal analysis, case law, and studies on legal semiotics, this research identifies gaps in current literature, particularly the absence of a cohesive framework for integrating multimodal argumentation into legal practice. The findings indicate that although multimodal approaches present new opportunities for improving the understanding and use of legal codes, they also bring up significant issues related to standardization, bias, and the risk of misinterpreting non-textual elements. This paper adds to legal scholarship by suggesting an evaluative model that reconciles the interpretive advantages of multimodality with the importance of preserving legal certainty. The conclusion highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to create strong frameworks that incorporate multimodal argumentation while upholding the fundamental principles of legal reasoning.

Understanding legal ambiguity has become a crucial focus in contemporary law, highlighting important conflicts between the strictness of statutory law and the flexibility of legal symbols. This study investigates the relationship between law and semiotics, emphasizing how symbols, language, and interpretative frameworks contribute to legal ambiguity and its effects on the delivery of justice. Situated within the framework of modern legal thought, the research thoroughly examines how legal texts are created, interpreted, and manipulated across different socio-political contexts. Employing a qualitative approach, the study draws on secondary sources, including court opinions, statutory laws, and academic literature, to explore inconsistencies in interpretation. The research uncovers a notable gap in legal scholarship: while legal theory often prioritizes clarity and predictability, it tends to neglect the semiotic aspects that challenge these principles. By bridging this gap, the study emphasizes how semiotics can offer deeper insights into legal interpretation, uncovering biases and power dynamics that exist within legal frameworks. The findings indicate that legal ambiguity is not just a flaw but a necessary feature of law, providing flexibility in its application while also opening doors for potential manipulation. This tension calls into question the traditional view of law as a stable and objective system. The study contributes to the legal field by promoting an integrative approach that merges legal theory with semiotics, presenting new tools for interpreting laws in diverse societies. It concludes that legal semiotics can improve legal interpretation and foster fairness, highlighting the importance of further interdisciplinary research to enhance jurisprudence practices.

Advancements in digital technology have made it easy to alter faces using editing software, posing challenges for industries in verifying photograph authenticity. Digital image forensics, a scientific method, is employed to gather data and determine the veracity of faces. This study assesses the effectiveness of digital image forensics in detecting fake digital faces using tools such as Foto Forensics, Forensically Beta, and Opanda IExif. Foto Forensics analyzes JPEG picture compression levels to detect image edits, revealing metadata differences compared to the original photo. Forensically Beta examines digital characteristics like color and noise levels to identify alterations. Opanda IExif scrutinizes image metadata, disclosing information about the camera used and subsequent changes. All three forensic methods effectively identify fake digital faces. Analyzing metadata differences and contrast variations between the original and altered faces proves to be an effective method for spotting alterations. Digital image forensics enhances legal and investigative processes, serving as a valuable tool for identifying digital face manipulation. Stronger digital security measures, including improved encryption, authentication, and legal regulations, are needed to protect against facial photograph manipulation. Updating legal and regulatory frameworks for digital security is vital to address increasingly sophisticated techniques used in facial photograph editing. As digital technology advances, continuous development and improvement of forensic techniques are crucial to detect digital face fabrication. Given the growing complexity of digital editing tools and the ease with which facial images can be altered, reliable methods are essential. Digital image forensics provides a systematic approach to gather data and verify the authenticity of digital photographs.