Mario Gonzalez

This paper explores the fundamental theses of the capabilities approach and differentiates it from notions of development that are more focused on the generation of wealth and growth. The paper emphasizes the importance of action in the development of life projects and describes the importance of emancipation in exercising freedoms. It then describes the education challenges from the perspective of the capabilities approach. It situates the importance of this approach in the Latin American context, where freedom is closely linked to the pursuit of social justice. Finally, it describes the different areas of application of the capabilities approach in education and points out the limitations of formal education in the contemporary world.

En este trabajo nos proponemos comparar las teorías de la subjetividad de Natorp y Brentano. Resultado de esta comparación será evidenciar una absoluta incompatibilidad entre ambas, incompatibilidad que debe ser fijada a partir de sus propios conceptos básicos, a saber, intencionalidad y conciencialidad, los cuales, contra lo que podría pensarse, no son ni equivalentes ni paralelos, sino que responden a concepciones irreconciliables, principalmente en el modo en que cada uno de ellos se sitúa con respecto a la noción de conciencia y a la tradición cartesiana moderna.

Code-based cryptography is currently the second most promising post-quantum mathematical tool for quantum-resistant algorithms. Since in 2022 the first post-quantum standard Key Encapsulation Mechanism, Kyber (a latticed-based algorithm), was selected to be established as standard, and after that the National Institute of Standards and Technology post-quantum standardization call focused in code-based cryptosystems. Three of the four candidates that remain in the fourth round are code-based algorithms. In fact, the only non-code-based algorithm (SIKE) is now considered vulnerable. Due to this landscape, it is crucial to update previous results about these algorithms and their functioning. The Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation is a key part of the study of post-quantum algorithms and in this work we focus our analysis on Classic McEliece, BIKE and HQC proposals, and how they apply this transformation to obtain IND-CCA semantic security. Since after security the most important parameter in the evaluation of the algorithms is performance, we have compared the performance of the code-based algorithms of the NIST call considering the same architecture for all of them.

This study aimed to determine the predictive character of organizational socialization and occupational positive mental health on organizational commitment in higher education teachers. A sample of 279 teachers from higher education institutions who signed an informed consent form was used. Fifty-four point five percent of the participants were women, with a mean age of 44.05 years. The participants completed the Organizational Socialization Inventory, the Positive Occupational Mental Health Questionnaire and the Organizational Commitment Scale, and for data analysis descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression with stepwise method were applied, entering each dimension of organizational commitment separately as a dependent variable. As a result, moderate to weak correlations were identified between the study variables, and it was found that the final models indicate that the future perspectives and socio-affective dimensions predict affective commitment by 38%; that future perspectives, spirituality and age predict normative commitment by 22.8%; and that the future perspectives dimension predicts commitment of continuity by 9.2%. It is concluded that teachers’ expectations about their development in the institution, as well as their interactions at the socio-affective and spiritual level with the work context, are factors that partially influence their attachment to the educational organization.

Selective attention depends on goal-directed and stimulus-driven modulatory factors, each relayed by different brain rhythms. Under certain circumstances, stress-related states can change the balance between goal-directed and stimulus-driven factors. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying these changes remain unclear. In this study, we explored how psychosocial stress can modulate brain rhythms during an attentional task and a task-free period. We recorded the EEG and ECG activity of 42 healthy participants subjected to either the Trier Social Stress Test, a controlled procedure to induce stress, or a comparable control protocol, flanked by an attentional task, a 90 s of task-free period and a state of anxiety questionnaire. We observed that psychosocial stress induced an increase in heart rate, self-reported anxiety, and alpha power synchronization. Also, psychosocial stress evoked a relative beta power increase during correct trials of the attentional task, which correlates positively with anxiety and heart rate increase, and inversely with attentional accuracy. These results suggest that psychosocial stress affects performance by redirecting attentional resources toward internal threat-related thoughts. An increment of endogenous top-down modulation reflected an increased beta-band activity that may serve as a compensatory mechanism to redirect attentional resources toward the ongoing task. The data obtained here may contribute to designing new ways of clinical management of the human stress response in the future and could help to minimize the damaging effects of persistent stressful experiences.

La ideación artística y arquitectónica está en gran medida configurada a partir de un concepto o metáfora que rige los diseños como síntesis de nuestro pensamiento y que, posteriormente, se ve confrontada con el lugar, creando con ello una cierta tensión entre paisaje e intervención proyectual. Este artículo explora el concepto de «corte» de Sverre Fehn, tomado como elemento simbólico de resistencia ligado al tiempo, al lugar y a la memoria, como idea generatriz, basada en analogías conceptuales que el artista aplicaba en sus proyectos. Así, un simple gesto, una grieta, una hendidura o incluso un vacío en el terreno, es tomado como memoria pues, de algún modo, configura la idea del lugar que recorremos con la mirada y remite al testimonio de otro tiempo mientras lo experimentamos en diálogo permanente con el paisaje en el que se inscribe. Se crea así una relación intensa entre luz, espacio, materia y memoria con el horizonte paisajístico, como límite de la obra. Este artículo realiza un recorrido por diferentes obras artísticas, arquitectónicas e incluso patrimoniales. Su denominador común es el concepto «corte», un elemento de permanencia que facilita una lectura integradora desde el proyecto, en un intento por cruzar e, incluso, vincular el lenguaje empleado entre las disciplinas para diluir las fronteras, traspasar los límites, recobrar la memoria y establecer, como diría Rosalind Krauss, un nuevo «territorio expandido».

Hospitales y obras equivale a hablar de una misma realidad. Todos los hospitales conviven habitualmente en una mayor o menor medida con obras en sus instalaciones y éstas representan una parte más de las situaciones que requieren una adecuada gestión y manejo por parte de los gestores sanitarios y de todos los trabajadores implicados. A lo largo de las próximas reflexiones intentaremos abordar las principales problemáticas a las que nos enfrentamos con la presencia de obras en nuestros centros y nuestra visión sobre alternativas o planteamientos a realizar que permitan adecuar las dos partes de la cuestión, el funcionamiento del hospital y el respeto al cronograma de las obras.…

Esta investigación ha sido motivada con la intención de analizar las ejecuciones morfológicas en dos grupos de niños procedentes de dos ambientes sociales y educativos diferentes. Concretamente, un grupo de niños-as procede de un ambiente socioeducativa de clase media (n=33) y otro grupo con desventaja medioambiental, de un ambiente social de clase baja (n=34), estando sus edades comprendidas entre 7 años y 6 meses, y 9 años. Los niños-as respondieron a un conjunto de subpruebas morfológicas, unas inventadas y otras reales: las primeras estaban destinadas a medir la capacidad para aplicar reglas morfológicas inventadas sin carga léxicosemántica específica, no estando mediatizadas por aprendizajes anteriores;…

Twentieth-century philosophy split into two traditions that often, at least as a matter of fact, regard each other as incommensurable. The last twenty years pointed to the reversal of this trend. This article can be seen as a contribution to that tendency, in so far as, in it, a new approach to the contemporary reflexion as a whole is proposed: logical analysis and phenomenology- hermeneutics are different sides of one and the same turn in the history of philosophy. Such reading not only recovers philosophy's lost unity, but also throws light on its continuity with history of philosophy.La filosofía del siglo XX se ha escindido en dos tradiciones que, a menudo y, las mas de las veces puramente de fato, se consideran inconmensurables. Los últimos veinte años parecen anunciar la reversión de esta tendencia. El presente trabajo efectúa un aporte en tal dirección, en la medida en que propone un nuevo modo de considerar la reflexión contemporánea en su conjunto: análisis lógico y fenomenología-hermenéutica son aspectos de un único y mismo giro en la historia de la filosofía. De este modo, no solo se rescata la unidad del pensamiento contemporáneo, sino que se ilumina su continuidad con la historia de la filosofía.