Matt Silva

A eficiência reprodutiva dos bovinos leiteiros é fundamental para a sustentabilidade da pecuária no semiárido, especialmente em Minas Gerais e Bahia, onde altas temperaturas e escassez de chuvas afetam a fertilidade e a rentabilidade. O estresse térmico é um dos principais fatores que comprometem a reprodução, pois altera o equilíbrio hormonal e reduz a manifestação de cio. O Índice de Temperatura e Umidade (ITU) é utilizado para avaliar o nível de desconforto térmico, sendo valores acima de 74 considerados críticos. Estratégias como sombreamento, oferta de água fresca, ventilação adequada e sistemas de resfriamento ajudam a manter o conforto térmico e melhorar o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo. Além disso, o uso de vacas mestiças, como o Girolando, mostra-se vantajoso por sua adaptação ao calor. Assim, o manejo adequado aliado à genética adaptada é essencial para garantir produtividade e sustentabilidade da pecuária leiteira no semiárido. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: eficiência reprodutiva; bovinos leiteiros; estresse térmico; conforto térmico; semiárido; manejo; sustentabilidade.

RESUMO A torção uterina é uma complicação séria que ocorre quando o corno uterino gestante se torce sobre o útero, impedindo seu retorno à posição normal. É mais frequente em vacas, sendo uma das principais causas de distocia. Os sinais clínicos dependem da intensidade do problema, mas incluem desconforto abdominal, dificuldade para respirar, batimentos cardíacos acelerados e, em situações extremas, até a morte do tecido uterino. A escolha da melhor conduta terapêutica depende do estágio da gestação, do grau da torção e da condição geral da vaca e do bezerro. Deste modo relata-se o caso de um acompanhamento da técnica de cesariana em uma fêmea com distocia devido à torção uterina. Foi atendida no Hospital Universitário Veterinário (HUV) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), uma vaca apresentando sinais de distocia. Após exame clínico e palpação transretal constatou-se que o feto se encontrava sem vida. O tratamento consistiu na utilização de anti-inflamatórios, antibióticos e cesariana. Após 48 dias de sua entrada no hospital, o animal obteve alta médica. Diante do exposto, conclui-se que a intervenção cirúrgica imediata, aliada ao tratamento clínico adotado, foi essencial para o sucesso terapêutico. Palavras-Chave: cesariana; distocia; torção uterina. ABSTRACT Uterine torsion is a serious complication that occurs when the pregnant uterine horn twists over the uterus, preventing it from returning to its normal position. It is more common in cows and is one of the main causes of dystocia. Clinical signs depend on the severity of the problem, but include abdominal discomfort, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat and, in extreme cases, even death of uterine tissue. The choice of the best therapeutic approach depends on the stage of pregnancy, the degree of torsion and the general condition of the cow and calf. Thus, we report the case of a follow-up of the cesarean section technique in a female with dystocia due to uterine torsion. A cow presenting signs of dystocia was treated at the Veterinary University Hospital (HUV) of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB). After clinical examination and transrectal palpation, it was found that the fetus was dead. Treatment consisted of the use of anti-inflammatories, antibiotics and cesarean section. After 48 days of admission to the hospital, the animal was discharged. Given the above, it is concluded that immediate surgical intervention, combined with the clinical treatment adopted, was essential for therapeutic success. Keywords: cesarean section; dystocia; uterine torsion.

The objective of this study was to evaluate lipid sources, associated with spineless cactus or not, as a strategy for reducing feed costs in goat milk production. Twelve lactating Saanen goats, with an average body weight of 55.0±8.0kg, were distributed in a 4x4 Latin square, with a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of two lipid sources (coconut peels - CP; and cottonseed - CT), associated or not with “Orelha de Elefante Mexicana” (OEM) spineless cactus. Goats that consumed diets containing cottonseed as the main source of energy showed higher performance indexes (P<0.05). The CP+OEM treatment presented the lowest cost for 1 kg of dry matter (R$ 1.78). The PC diet demonstrated lower daily feeding costs (R$ 2.54). Total revenue was higher for the CT+OEM diet (R$ 8.17), as was net income (R$ 4.19). Therefore, the association of cottonseed with OEM spineless cactus in the feeding of lactating goats is recommended, due to the reduction in feeding costs, especially with roughage, in addition to superior performance, contributing to greater profitability of the activity. Keywords: economic evaluation, fat feeds, milk production, Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw., small ruminants.

Forty lambs with 90 ± 5 days of age; 24 ± 3 kg initial BW; were confined in a feedlotfor 60 days and assigned two different diets, without or with soy lecithin. The animals were slaughtered, and the carcasses were kept in a cold chamber for 24 h, at 2ºC, and were measured for carcass yield, chemical composition of the meat, lipid oxidation and fatty acid profile. The experimental design was completely randomized, data were analyzed using SAS, and compared with the means by the Student Test at 5% probabilities. The use of soy lecithin improve daily weight gain (kg/d, P < 0.05) and reduced hot and cold carcass yield (P > 0.05), but it did not alter other carcass characteristics with pH, temperature, loin area, subcutaneous fat thickness. The moisture, protein, ethereal extract and mineral of meat has not been altered by the soy lecithin (P>0.05). The results was same for lipid oxidation (P > 0.05). In the fatty acid profile, only C17:1c9 and C18:2t acids were altered (P < 0.05). The study indicates that soy lecithin can be used safely in animal feed as it does not negatively affect the quality of the meat and carcass of the animal, ensuring the production of food safety for the consumer.