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9Citation Ethics: An Exploratory Survey of Norms and BehaviorsJournal of Academic Ethics 1-18. forthcoming.The ethics of citation has attracted increased attention in recent discussions of research and publication ethics, fraud and plagiarism. Little attempt has been made, however, to situate specific citation misbehaviors in terms of broader ethical practices and principles. To investigate researchers’ perceptions of citation norms, we surveyed active US researchers receiving federal funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the National Endowme…Read more
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2Guidance needed for using artificial intelligence to screen journal submissions for misconductResearch Ethics. forthcoming.Journals and publishers are increasingly using artificial intelligence (AI) to screen submissions for potential misconduct, including plagiarism and data or image manipulation. While using AI can enhance the integrity of published manuscripts, it can also increase the risk of false/unsubstantiated allegations. Ambiguities related to journals’ and publishers’ responsibilities concerning fairness and transparency also raise ethical concerns. In this Topic Piece, we offer the following guidance: (1…Read more
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18Editors’ statement on the responsible use of generative AI technologies in scholarly journal publishingMedicine, Health Care and Philosophy 26 (4): 499-503. 2023.Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a variety of ways, and those uses might augment their existing work or might instead be intended to replace it. We are editors of bioethics and humanities journals who have been contemplating the implications of this ongoing transformation. We believe that generative AI may pose a threat to the goals that animate our work but could also…Read more
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14Correction: Editors’ statement on the responsible use of generative AI technologies in scholarly journal publishingMedicine, Health Care and Philosophy 26 (4): 505-505. 2023.
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12Editors’ Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal PublishingAmerican Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 14 (4): 337-340. 2023.The new generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and especially the large language models (LLMs) of which ChatGPT is the most prominent example, have the potential to transform many aspects o...
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23Editors’ Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal PublishingHastings Center Report 53 (5): 3-6. 2023.Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform many aspects of scholarly publishing. Authors, peer reviewers, and editors might use AI in a variety of ways, and those uses might augment their existing work or might instead be intended to replace it. We are editors of bioethics and humanities journals who have been contemplating the implications of this ongoing transformation. We believe that generative AI may pose a threat to the goals that animate our work but could also…Read more
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21Editors' statement on the responsible use of generative artificial intelligence technologies in scholarly journal publishingBioethics 37 (9): 825-828. 2023.Bioethics, EarlyView.
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22Editors’ Statement on the Responsible Use of Generative AI Technologies in Scholarly Journal PublishingAmerican Journal of Bioethics 24 (3): 5-8. 2023.The new generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and especially the large language models (LLMs) of which ChatGPT is the most prominent example, have the potential to transform many aspects o...
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18Editors' statement on the responsible use of generative artificial intelligence technologies in scholarly journal publishingDeveloping World Bioethics 23 (4): 296-299. 2023.Developing World Bioethics, EarlyView.
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18The Impact of AUTOGEN and Similar Fine-Tuned Large Language Models on the Integrity of Scholarly WritingAmerican Journal of Bioethics 23 (10): 50-52. 2023.Artificial intelligence (AI), large language models (LLMs), such as Open AI’s ChatGPT, have a remarkable ability to process and generate human language but have also raised complex and novel ethica...
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25The ethics of disclosing the use of artificial intelligence tools in writing scholarly manuscriptsResearch Ethics 19 (4): 449-465. 2023.In this article, we discuss ethical issues related to using and disclosing artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT and other systems based on large language models (LLMs), to write or edit scholarly manuscripts. Some journals, such as Science, have banned the use of LLMs because of the ethical problems they raise concerning responsible authorship. We argue that this is not a reasonable response to the moral conundrums created by the use of LLMs because bans are unenforceable and woul…Read more
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18Ethical Issues in Social Science Research Employing Big DataScience and Engineering Ethics 28 (3): 1-21. 2022.This paper analyzes the ethics of social science research employing big data. We begin by highlighting the research gap found on the intersection between big data ethics, SSR and research ethics. We then discuss three aspects of big data SSR which make it warrant special attention from a research ethics angle: the interpretative character of both SSR and big data, complexities of anticipating and managing risks in publication and reuse of big data SSR, and the paucity of regulatory oversight and…Read more
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32An Ethical Exploration of Increased Average Number of Authors Per PublicationScience and Engineering Ethics 28 (3): 1-24. 2022.This article explores the impact of an Increase in the average Number of Authors per Publication on known ethical issues of authorship. For this purpose, the ten most common ethical issues associated with scholarly authorship are used to set up a taxonomy of existing issues and raise awareness among the community to take precautionary measures and adopt best practices to minimize the negative impact of INAP. We confirm that intense international, interdisciplinary and complex collaborations are …Read more
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13Gender disparity in publication records: a qualitative study of women researchers in computing and engineeringResearch Integrity and Peer Review 6 (1). 2021.BackgroundThe current paper follows up on the results of an exploratory quantitative analysis that compared the publication and citation records of men and women researchers affiliated with the Faculty of Computing and Engineering at Dublin City University in Ireland. Quantitative analysis of publications between 2013 and 2018 showed that women researchers had fewer publications, received fewer citations per person, and participated less often in international collaborations. Given the significa…Read more
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6Ethics of contributor role ontologies and taxonomiesDissertation, Dublin City University. 2021.First introduced in 2015, Contributor Role Ontologies and Taxonomies are the most recent innovation developed to address ethical issues of scholarly authorship. By providing a standard list of roles to specify individual contributions to publications, CROTs enhance transparency and consistency about the reporting of conducted tasks, and accordingly, improve the attribution of credit and responsibilities. Although various parties such as academic journals and universities are increasingly adoptin…Read more
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29A scoping review of the literature featuring research ethics and research integrity casesBMC Medical Ethics 22 (1): 1-14. 2021.BackgroundThe areas of Research Ethics (RE) and Research Integrity (RI) are rapidly evolving. Cases of research misconduct, other transgressions related to RE and RI, and forms of ethically questionable behaviors have been frequently published. The objective of this scoping review was to collect RE and RI cases, analyze their main characteristics, and discuss how these cases are represented in the scientific literature.MethodsThe search included cases involving a violation of, or misbehavior, po…Read more
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45A review of the literature on ethical issues related to scientific authorshipAccountability in Research 27 (5). 2020.The article at hand presents the results of a literature review on the ethical issues related to scientific authorship. These issues are understood as questions and/or concerns about obligations, values or virtues in relation to reporting, authorship and publication of research results. For this purpose, the Web of Science core collection was searched for English resources published between 1945 and 2018, and a total of 324 items were analyzed. Based on the review of the documents, ten ethical t…Read more
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23MyCites: a proposal to mark and report inaccurate citations in scholarly publicationsResearch Integrity and Peer Review 5 (1). 2020.BackgroundInaccurate citations are erroneous quotations or instances of paraphrasing of previously published material that mislead readers about the claims of the cited source. They are often unaddressed due to underreporting, the inability of peer reviewers and editors to detect them, and editors’ reluctance to publish corrections about them. In this paper, we propose a new tool that could be used to tackle their circulation.MethodsWe provide a review of available data about inaccurate citation…Read more
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26Equal co‑authorship practices: review and recommendationsScience and Engineering Ethics 26 (3): 1133-1148. 2020.There has been an increase in the number of journal articles that are co-authored by researchers who claim to have made equal contributions. This growth has sparked discussions in the literature, especially within medical journals. To extend the debate beyond medical disciplines and support journal editors in forming an opinion, the current review collates and explores published viewpoints about so-called Equal Co-authorship practices. The Web of Science core database was used to identify public…Read more
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291Suggestions to Improve the Comprehensibility of Current Definitions of Scientific Authorship for International AuthorsScience and Engineering Ethics 26 (2): 597-617. 2020.Much has been said about the need for improving the current definitions of scientific authorship, but an aspect that is often overlooked is how to formulate and communicate these definitions to ensure that they are comprehensible and useful for researchers, notably researchers active in international research consortia. In light of a rapid increase in international collaborations within natural sciences, this article uses authorship of this branch of sciences as an example and provides suggestio…Read more
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35Suggestions to Improve the Comprehensibility of Current Definitions of Scientific Authorship for International AuthorsScience and Engineering Ethics 1-21. 2019.Much has been said about the need for improving the current definitions of scientific authorship, but an aspect that is often overlooked is how to formulate and communicate these definitions to ensure that they are comprehensible and useful for researchers, notably researchers active in international research consortia. In light of a rapid increase in international collaborations within natural sciences, this article uses authorship of this branch of sciences as an example and provides suggestio…Read more
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533The Norms of Authorship Credit: Challenging the Definition of Authorship in the European Code of Conduct for Research IntegrityAccountability in Research 27 (2): 80-98. 2020.The practice of assigning authorship for a scientific publication tends to raise two normative questions: 1) ‘who should be credited as an author?’; 2) ‘who should not be credited as an author but should still be acknowledged?’. With the publication of the revised version of The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity (ECCRI), standard answers to these questions have been called into question. This article examines the ways in which the ECCRI approaches these two questions and compares t…Read more
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37Doing the Right Thing: A Qualitative Investigation of Retractions Due to Unintentional ErrorScience and Engineering Ethics 24 (1): 189-206. 2018.Retractions solicited by authors following the discovery of an unintentional error—what we henceforth call a “self-retraction”—are a new phenomenon of growing importance, about which very little is known. Here we present results of a small qualitative study aimed at gaining preliminary insights about circumstances, motivations and beliefs that accompanied the experience of a self-retraction. We identified retraction notes that unambiguously reported an honest error and that had been published be…Read more
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Northwestern UniversityPost-doctoral Fellow
Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
Areas of Interest
Philosophy of Science, Misc |
Philosophy of Science, General Works |