Paula Sanchez

No contexto dos desafios ambientais, alimentares e de saúde enfrentados pela América Latina, a relação entre o sistema alimentar e o equilíbrio ecossistêmico adquire fundamental relevância pedagógica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a conexão entre educação ambiental (EA) e alimentação saudável com base na literatura acadêmica regional produzida na última década. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa crítica de 21 textos publicados entre 2015 e 2025 em espanhol, português e inglês, selecionados segundo critérios de relevância temática e validade metodológica. Os resultados revelam uma transição de abordagens biomédicas para concepções de alimentação sustentável que integram soberania alimentar, relevância cultural e justiça ambiental. Foram identificados três padrões de conexão: coexistência orgânica, instrumental e temática, com a horta escolar destacando-se como a principal ferramenta pedagógica. Conclui-se que, embora existam marcos regulatórios robustos em países como Brasil e Colômbia, persistem barreiras estruturais devido à fragmentação intersetorial e à descontinuidade de projetos. O artigo propõe que a educação ambiental seja estabelecida como uma prática política na qual a alimentação funcione como um nó mediador para a formação de subjetividades conscientes e a defesa do território.

Ethical considerations: Equitable access to healthcare is a fundamental right recognized internationally. However, people without stable housing face multiple structural, administrative and relational barriers that limit this right, especially in European contexts such as Spain. Women experiencing homelessness also suffer specific forms of discrimination and violence that exacerbate their vulnerability. Objective To explore the experiences of people affected by homelessness in their interaction with health services in Spain, identifying barriers, experiences, and proposals for improvement from an ethical, gender, and comparative European perspective. Methodology Qualitative phenomenological study based on semi-structured interviews with five homeless adults and a professional in the social and health care field. The selection was made by convenience sampling in a municipal homeless shelter. The thematic analysis followed Giorgi’s approach, with triangulation, independent coding, and feedback of preliminary results. Informed consent, anonymity, and compliance with the ethical principles established by the Declaration of Helsinki were guaranteed. Results Four central dimensions were identified structural and organizational barriers, such as lack of documentation or means of contact experiences of treatment, marked by stigma and unequal recognition coping strategies and proposals for improvement; and a European perspective, which highlights effective models such as Housing First. The gender dimension revealed specific needs in sexual and reproductive health and protection from violence. Conclusions Healthcare for people experiencing homelessness requires an ethical approach that incorporates distributive justice, the ethics of care, and a gender perspective. Nursing can play a key role in transforming the healthcare model towards one that is more inclusive, dignified, and focused on equity. This study reveals how relational injustice and epistemic exclusion shape the healthcare experiences of people affected by homelessness, challenging nurses to act as moral agents in restoring recognition and dignity.