Pedro Silva

This piece is a reply to a promising attempt to revise and refine our understanding of predistribution. This is a proposal advanced by Martin O’Neill. It summarises that proposal and, subsequently, presents three objections to it. It concludes that we should ultimately reject the proposal. The piece then advances a positive proposal about how to cash out the egalitarian ideal of predistribution. Among other strengths, it is more likely to be more appealing to a broader array of egalitarian doctrines.

Research has revealed how inherent self-organizing tendencies in athletes and sports teams can be exploited to facilitate emergence of dynamical patterns in synergy formation in sports teams. Here, we discuss how game models, and associated tactical principles of play, may be implemented to constrain co-existing global-to-local and local-to-global self-organization tendencies in team sports players during training and performance. Understanding how to harness the continuous interplay between these co-existing, bi-directional, and coordination tendencies is key to shaping system behaviors in sports training. Training programs are traditionally dominated by designs, which shape the self-organizing tendencies of players and teams at a global-to-local scale by coaches imposing a tactical/strategical plan with associated tactical principles of play. Nevertheless, recent research suggests that performers also need to be provided with opportunities to explore self-organizing tendencies that emerge at the local-to-global scale in training. This directional tendency in synergy formation can be facilitated by players being given opportunities to actively explore different adaptive and innovative performance solutions, coherent with principles of play circumscribed in an overarching game model. Developing methods (coaching sessions rooted on principles of dynamical systems theory that foment the development of such local-to-global relations) to exploit the continuous interplay between these co-existing tendencies within sports teams may promote more effective and efficient athlete skill training programs, in addition to enhancing performance.

Publicada entre 1905 e 1911, a revista Estudos Sociais nasceu no âmbito da acção desenvolvida pelo Centro Académico de Democracia Cristã de Coimbra e tinha como finalidades contribuir para a difusão do catolicismo social e para a implantação da democracia cristã em Portugal. Ao longo do período de sete anos em que foi editada, muitos foram os momentos em que se lançou um apelo à Igreja Católica para que ocupasse o lugar que lhe pertencia na civilização actual, reafirmando--se, sistematicamente, que só através da concepção cristã de democracia e do movimento social católico o Cristianismo responderia aos desafios sociais e o Clero desempenharia um papel de vanguarda na resolução dos problemas sociais do povo. Desta forma, muitos foram os textos, práticos e teóricos, nacionais e internacionais, que abordaram questões como a da verdadeira democracia, a do catolicismo/cristianismo social, a da urgente reforma do Clero e da Igreja ou a do modernismo. O principal objectivo do presente artigo é esboçar os itinerários temáticos presentes na revista ao longo dos sete anos em que foi publicada.