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    Medical ethics for children: applying the four principles to paediatrics
    Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (3): 141-145. 2008.
    I will argue that there are difficulties with the application of the four principles approach to incompetent children. The most important principle – respect for autonomy – is not directly applicable to incompetent children and the most appropriate modification of the principle for them is not clear. The principle of beneficence – that one should act in the child’s interests – is complicated by difficulties in assessing what a child’s interests are and to which standard of interests those choosi…Read more