Ronnie Videla

Resumen: Esta exposición intenta comprender las formas culturales de comunicación y fijación mnémica en una narración específica que Davi Kopenawa, chamán Yanomami, expone al antropólogo Bruce Albert, en virtud de los modos de existencia amazónicos, refiriéndose en particular a la intensidad de los espíritus selváticos y a la experiencia chamánica con los mundos espirituales. En el contexto de una extensión vegetal dispersa y sobresaliente, afirmamos una sociabilidad cotidiana en el marco de una “ética respetuosa o amorosa” entre todas las formas de vida, expresada estéticamente en formas significantes y transportadoras de emociones desarrolladas por la cosmología amazónica. Para ello utilizamos las nociones que Aby Warburg emplea en su estudio de la cultura de las imágenes, en tanto curso por el que estas pueden entenderse como organismos vivientes susceptibles a transformación, preservando su propia biología en la trasmisión codificada de la memoria.: This exhibition tries to understand the cultural forms of communication and mnemic fixation in a specific narrative that Davi Kopenawa, Yanomami shaman, exposes to the anthropologist Bruce Albert, by virtue of Amazonian modes of existence, especially referring to the intensity of jungle spirits and experience Shamanic with spiritual worlds. In the context of a dispersed and outstanding plant extension, we affirm a daily sociability within the framework of a “respectful or loving ethic” among all life forms, aesthetically expressed in significant and transporting forms of emotions developed by Amazonian cosmology. For this we use the notions that Aby Warburg uses in his study of the culture of images, as a course by which they can be understood as living organisms susceptible to transformation, preserving their own biology in the coded transmission of memory.

Context: The 4E approach proposes an alternative framework to understanding cognition and learning. However, its application to the study of creativity from new educational approaches such as STEAM is incipient. Problem: How can the 4E approach that fosters creativity be implemented in STEAM education, through participation in technology-mediated learning ecosystems? Method: Through face-to-face ethnographic participant observation, we observe students engaging in creative activities suggested by our theoretical approach. We use these observations to illustrate our theoretical approach. Results: Our examples show the many possibilities to encourage creativity by participating in STEAM educational environments that promote design and prototyping with technologies. We highlight collaborative work, disciplinary integration and learning by doing, characteristics of the STEAM approach, which favor the implementation of the 4E approach. Implications: The STEAM approach encourages creativity and learning that gives primacy to training processes over final products, so it is consistent with the 4E approach. Constructivist content: We adhere to the 4E approach to cognition: embodied, enacted, embedded and extended.

While we empathize with Theo Hug about the contributions of Bildung to the notion of education and its potential link with the 4E approach, we do not share the reductionist argument of STEAM in the light of education in the 21st century. Following some interdisciplinary influences from design and some references from pedagogues and philosophers of education, we present some reflections and discussions on the Bildung proposal. To embody our theoretical approaches, we present the “smart geodesic dome” STEAM project design carried out by primary school students as a plant habitat.

Context: The 4E approach proposes an alternative framework for understanding cognition and learning. However, its application to the study of education in the 21st century is incipient. Problem: What are the challenges of 21st-century education in the field of cognition and learning? How can the 4E approach be implemented in educational processes? Method: This introduction outlines the challenges of 21st-century education and the progress that the 4E approach has made in the different perspectives presented in the contributions of this special issue. Results: Today, we find a limited but growing number of studies on the 4E approach applied to education. We argue that the 4E approach presents a propitious field for the challenges of education in the 21st century, especially for the understanding of teaching and learning in socio-material and technological environments, as well as new research tools that support theories of learning with empirical evidence. Implications: A better understanding of the constructivist perspectives on the application of 4E in education can guide future research in education as well as novel teaching methodologies.