Sima Dehkordi

In the exposition of man’s reality and the interpretation of mutual relation of soul and body, today’s human beings are no less astonishment than those in the age of Plato. In the present age, although there has been provided the background of scientific research, the materialistic tendencies are found more than before. The main reasons of such a thing are the inadequacy of philosophical concepts and the failure of suggested arguments. Mulla Sadra’s views on the reality of man as well as the journey of the soul from being corporeal in origination to being spiritual in subsistence are more consistent with what is propounded in the domain of philosophy of mind, and thus they are more useful in solving different problems.

In the philosophy of Mulla Sadra and Kant, reasoning is the naturaland existential right of the human being and reason is the bestcriterion for perception and evaluation of reality. Both philosophershave considered rationality and thought as the most fundamentalcharacteristics of human; with this difference that the theoreticalfunction of reason is regarded more in Sadraei’s philosophy and thepractical and ethical function is more in Kant’s philosophy thus,Mulla Sadra pays attention to the sphere of “speculation and theory”and considers that the criterion of rationalism is for man to be a“knowing-agent”. On the other hand Kant pays attention to the sphereof “action and practice” and considers the criterion of rationalism tobe an “ethical-agent” for man. One pays attention to the intellectualpotential and man’s knowledge base -- that which man knows – andthe other pays attention to the potential to act and be ethical – thatwhich man wills for