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2605Introduction The Spanish colonization of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 introduced a unique form of governance characterized by the fusion of ecclesiastical and colonial powers. Although the Spanish Crown was the official source of authority, the Roman Catholic Church—particularly through its religious orders—played a pivotal role in administering colonial society. This paper explores the role of the Catholic Church in governance during Spanish colonization, the socio-political influence of t…Read more
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237Introduction The elitist mentality often associated with Catholic schools in the Philippines is rooted in the country’s colonial past, shaped by religion, class structure, and educational exclusivity. This paper explores how Catholic education, introduced during the Spanish period, evolved into a system that reinforced social hierarchy and continues
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218Abstract Political leadership across nations often fails to address the root causes of systemic societal problems such as corruption, inequality, environmental degradation, and authoritarianism. This paper introduces a corrective framework grounded in the "Three Universal Formula" developed by the author. The formula, derived from fundamental laws of nature and systems thinking, aims to address the inherent flaws in political leadership through a new paradigm rooted in moral accountability, feed…Read more
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2384Iran’s transformation from a Sunni-majority region into the epicenter of Twelver Shia Islam—and the subsequent overthrow of its monarch by a Shiite-led revolution in 1979—reflect two of the most pivotal developments in the history of the Islamic world. These events, separated by nearly five centuries, demonstrate the dynamic interplay of religious doctrine, political ambition, and popular sentiment in shaping national identity. This paper explores how the Safavid dynasty institutionalized Twelve…Read more
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288Abstract This paper explores whether the invention of religion is a product of human biological evolution, and how it connects with Angelito Malicse’s Universal Formula. It examines the scientific, spiritual, and philosophical perspectives on the origin and role of religion, and interprets these through the lens of the Universal Formula, which incorporates natural laws such as the law of karma, the feedback mechanism of conscious minds, and the law of balance in nature. The findings suggest that…Read more
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944Abstract: This paper explores the dual role of Prophet Muhammad as both a religious and political leader, and clarifies a common misconception regarding forced conversions of Christians and Jews in early Islamic history. Drawing upon primary Islamic sources and scholarly works, this paper provides an accurate and contextual understanding of Muhammad’s leadership and the early Islamic stance on religious freedom.
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256Abstract This paper explores the historical and theological foundations of the hijab and modest dress code for women during the time of the Prophet Muhammad. Drawing on the Qur'an, Hadith literature, and scholarly interpretations, it demonstrates that while the Prophet consistently advocated modesty in dress and behavior for both men and women, his approach was compassionate and educative rather than coercive. The concept of hijab, originally meaning barrier or partition, evolved into a broader …Read more
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635Abstract This paper examines the inherent conflicts and dangers in allowing religious leaders to serve as national political leaders. It argues that the fusion of religious and political power undermines secular governance, threatens civil liberties, and can destabilize national unity. Drawing from historical examples and current geopolitical cases, this paper supports the necessity of maintaining a clear boundary between religion and state.
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178Abstract This paper explores the fundamental reasons why individuals may achieve billionaire status at a young age while rarely, if ever, attaining recognition as true philosophers at the same stage of life. By comparing the nature of wealth accumulation with the development of philosophical insight, the paper argues that while wealth can result from technical skill and circumstantial advantage, philosophical maturity is inherently tied to lived experience, reflection, and existential struggle. …Read more
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166In many societies, religion plays a significant role in shaping personal, cultural, and social identity. As individuals grow and experience new ideas, it is not uncommon for their belief systems to evolve. Some may become more secular in their thinking while continuing to maintain their born religion externally. In such situations, keeping quiet about one’s internal shift in belief can often be the most practical and respectful choice. This paper explores the reasons why remaining silent about s…Read more
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182Abstract This paper explores the evolution of the concept of monogamy through the framework of Angelito Malicse’s three universal laws of nature: the Law of Karma (Cause and Effect + System Integrity), the Law of Balance, and the Law of Feedback Mechanism (Internal and External Interactions). By examining biological, cultural, and sociological evidence, we demonstrate that the emergence and persistence of monogamy in human societies aligns with these natural laws.
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291Abstract This paper explores the deep relationship between Kurt Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems and the Universal Formula of Nature composed of three interdependent laws: the Law of Karma, the Law of Feedback Mechanism, and the Law of Balance in Nature. These laws provide a natural, systems-based interpretation of logical limitations and human decision-making. By framing Gödel’s theorems within these universal laws, we gain insights into the fundamental constraints of formal systems and the nece…Read more
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213Abstract This paper applies the Three Universal Laws of Nature, formulated by Angelito Malicse, to analyze the persistent and escalating conflict between Israel and Iran. These laws—the Law of Karma (Cause and Effect), the Law of Feedback Mechanism, and the Law of Balance in Nature—provide a holistic and systemic framework to understand the roots, feedback dynamics, and potential resolution paths for this geopolitical tension.
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327Abstract: The Israel–Palestine conflict remains one of the most intractable and emotionally charged disputes in modern history. This paper examines the key flaws in leadership on both the Israeli and Palestinian sides, analyzes shared challenges that have prolonged the conflict, and offers balanced recommendations supported by international norms and conflict resolution theory. Drawing on insights from political science, international law, and human rights reports, the goal is to highlight oppor…Read more
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644Abstract This paper explores the concept of a self-referential cognitive universe as a framework for understanding and applying a universal formula for solving the problem of free will. Drawing from the foundational ideas of Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theorems, Douglas Hofstadter’s theory of strange loops, and Christopher Langan’s Cognitive-Theoretic Model of the Universe (CTMU), the paper integrates these with the author’s three universal laws of nature. It posits that a recursive, self-aware …Read more
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351Abstract This paper explores the philosophical and practical implications of Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theorems. While these theorems originate in formal mathematical logic, their consequences extend far beyond, illuminating limits in systems of thought, governance, artificial intelligence, and self-awareness. Using a set of real-world examples, this paper demonstrates how Gödel’s insights continue to influence fields as diverse as psychology, law, religion, and computational theory. By ground…Read more
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247Abstract Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems have long been interpreted as a profound demonstration of the inherent limitations of formal mathematical systems. However, when viewed through the lens of a natural law-based universal formula—which includes the law of balance, the law of cause and effect (karma), and the requirement of defect-free systems—these limitations take on a broader and more integrative meaning. This paper explores the compatibility and reinforcement between Gödel's theorems and…Read more
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266Abstract Prophet Muhammad’s vision was to restore and unify the monotheistic faith rooted in the traditions of Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. However, the Islamic world today reflects a wide range of sectarian divisions. This paper explores the reasons for this divergence, tracing historical, political, and theological developments within Islam, and comparing them to similar patterns within Judaism and Christianity. It also examines contemporary efforts aimed at fostering unity within Islam and amon…Read more
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1589Abstract This paper explores the leadership crisis that emerged immediately following the death of Prophet Muhammad in 632 CE, highlighting the key individuals involved and the resulting division within the Muslim ummah. While Prophet Muhammad did not appoint a clear political successor before his death, various companions took differing actions and positions that ultimately gave rise to two major Islamic branches: Sunni and Shia Islam. The paper outlines the roles of prominent figures such as A…Read more
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182Abstract This paper examines why consciousness and intelligence emerge and evolve within the greater context of natural systems governed by energy and force. Through the lens of the three universal laws of nature—Karma (systemic cause and effect), Balance (dynamic equilibrium), and Feedback (mutual influence and learning)—the paper explains that consciousness is not an anomaly but a necessity. As nature becomes more complex, consciousness and intelligence emerge as tools for internal regulation,…Read more
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274Abstract This paper explores the evolutionary origins and advantages of sexual reproduction in biological organisms. While traditionally explained by genetic and ecological mechanisms, this study also integrates the three universal formula—as proposed by Angelito Malicse—as a deeper framework to understand why sexual activity emerged in the evolutionary process. The formula includes: (1) the Law of Karma (Cause and Effect + Systems Thinking), (2) the Law of Feedback Mechanisms in Nature, and (3)…Read more
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532Abstract This paper offers a balanced and informative comparison between Sunni and Shia Islam—the two main branches of the Islamic faith. While both sects share core beliefs and foundational religious practices, their historical development, leadership doctrines, and cultural traditions vary significantly. This comparative analysis outlines these similarities and differences to promote better understanding and inter-sectarian respect.
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190Abstract This paper presents a theoretical model of life after death grounded in the Universal Formula developed by Angelito Malicse. This formula consists of three core principles: the Law of Karma (systemic cause and effect), the Law of Balance in Nature, and the Feedback Mechanism between conscious minds and their environments. Using these natural laws, the paper proposes three possible pathways for the continuation of consciousness after physical death: (1) spiritual or energetic reintegrati…Read more
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196Abstract This paper explores the reasons why religious teachings often become distorted after the death of their founders. It argues that the transition of leadership to successive individuals or institutions introduces interpretative, political, cultural, and human factors that can diverge from the original message. Drawing from historical and theological sources, the paper identifies the key mechanisms of distortion and offers examples across major world religions.
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197Abstract This paper argues that for any government system to be effective, sustainable, and just, it must follow the three universal laws of nature embodied in the universal formula proposed by Angelito Malicse. These laws encompass the principles of cause and effect (karma), natural systemic balance, and free will governed by feedback mechanisms. The paper outlines how these principles align with natural and social systems and how their application in governance can lead to more ethical and sus…Read more
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260Abstract Religious conflict and sectarian division within Islam are often misattributed to the religion itself. This paper argues that the core teachings of Islam promote unity, justice, and balance, and that misinterpretation by various sects is a result of human error rather than doctrinal flaw. It introduces a universal formula grounded in the laws of nature—particularly the law of balance and cause-effect systems—to explain the source of religious conflict and proposes a holistic educational…Read more
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1918Abstract: The Big Bounce theory presents an alternative to the traditional Big Bang cosmology, positing that the universe undergoes cycles of contraction and expansion, thereby avoiding the singularity problem inherent in the standard model. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Big Bounce model, its theoretical underpinnings, variations such as Loop Quantum Cosmology and ekpyrotic scenarios, and its implications for cosmological observations. The paper also contrasts the Big Bounc…Read more
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210Abstract This paper analyzes the validity of two dominant cosmological theories — Singularity Theory and the Big Bang Theory — in explaining the origin of the universe. The analysis is conducted using a foundational framework of three proposed universal laws of nature: the Law of Karma (Cause and Effect / System Logic), the Law of Balance in Nature, and the Law of Feedback Mechanism. The results demonstrate that Singularity Theory violates all three natural laws and is therefore an invalid expla…Read more
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162Introduction The conflict over the right of return remains a core obstacle to peace between Israelis and Palestinians. Jews view their return to Israel as a realization of historic and moral justice after centuries of exile and persecution. Palestinians see their right of return as essential to rectifying the injustices of the 1948 Nakba. A durable solution must go beyond one-sided claims to create a future where both peoples can live with dignity, security, and self-determination. This paper pr…Read more
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586Introduction The question of the "right of return" to the land known historically as Israel or Palestine is one of the most complex and emotionally charged issues in international politics. It touches on ancient history, religious belief, international law, human rights, and the lived experiences of both Jews and Palestinians. This paper examines the basis for the Jewish claim to return to their ancestral homeland, the counterclaim by Palestinians displaced in the 20th century, and the broader i…Read more
Manila, NCR, Philippines
Areas of Specialization
| Philosophy, Misc |
Areas of Interest
| Philosophy, Misc |