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4Propuesta cuasi-voluntarista del derecho internacional como derecho: grupos autocontenidos internacionalesProblema. Anuario de Filosofía y Teoria Del Derecho 333-356. forthcoming.Los Estados confederados proyectan la existencia de un doble sistema normativo: federal y local. Esto provoca el surgimiento de colisiones y contradicciones entre ambos sistemas, lo que se pensaría debería ser resuelto por el derecho internacional, atendiendo el principio de subsidiariedad, no obstante, esto no siempre es así, ya sea porque el derecho internacional no regule ese caso concreto o bien, porque el Estado en cuestión no haya otorgado su consentimiento y la respuesta no le sea vincula…Read more
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21Euthanasia, consensual homicide, and refusal of treatmentBioethics 38 (4): 292-299. 2024.Consensual homicide remains a crime in jurisdictions where active voluntary euthanasia has been legalized. At the same time, both jurisdictions, in which euthanasia is legal and those in which it is not, recognize that all patients (whether severely ill or not) have the right to refuse or withdraw medical treatment (including life-saving treatment). In this paper, I focus on the tensions between these three norms (the permission of active euthanasia, the permission to reject life-saving treatmen…Read more
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Definitions: The Primitive Concept of Logics or the Le'sniewski-Tarski Legacy Vol. 401Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Matematyczny. 2002.
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96Individual procreative responsibility and the non-identity problemPacific Philosophical Quarterly 90 (3): 336-363. 2009.The question I address in this paper is whether and under what conditions it is morally right to bring a person into existence. I defend the commonsensical thesis that, other things being equal, it is morally wrong to create a person who will be below some threshold of quality of life, even if the life of this potential person, once created, will nevertheless be worth living. However commonsensical this view might seem, it has shown to be problematic because of the so-called 'Non-Identity Proble…Read more
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48The mental and subjective skin: Emotion, empathy, feelings and thermographyConsciousness and Cognition 34 149-162. 2015.
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24What Does Nozick’s Experience Machine Argument Really Prove?The Paideia Archive: Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 40 100-105. 1998.Nozick's well-known Experience Machine argument can be considered a typically successful argument: as far as I know, it has not been discussed much and has been widely seen as conclusive, or at least convincing enough to refute the mental-state versions of utilitarianism. I believe that if his argument were conclusive, its destructive effect would be even stronger. It would not only refute mental-state utilitarianism, but all theories considering a certain subjective mental state as the only val…Read more
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18What is the Role of Partial Compliance in Moral Theory?Journal of Value Inquiry 1-13. forthcoming.The problem of nonideal theory has been widely discussed in political philosophy in recent times. The problem has received much less attention, however, at the level of individual morality. Since the real world is a nonideal one, the problem is extremely relevant, if moral theory is to guide our action as moral agents. My purpose in this paper is mainly conceptual. I first clarify the distinction between different kinds of nonideal situation (natural accidents or limitations and partial complian…Read more
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5Theories on Global Poverty – Normative Disclosure and ConsistencyIn Karl Marker, Annette Schmitt & Jürgen Sirsch (eds.), Demokratie und Entscheidung. Beiträge zur Analytischen Politischen Theorie, Springer. pp. 193-213. 2018.According to the World Bank, 767 million people, 10.7 percent of the world’s population, live on less than 1.9 dollars a day, and around 2 billion, 28,7 percent of humankind, on less than 3.2 dollars a day.1 About 815 million are undernourished. About 155 million children will suffer from stunted growth.
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37The limited role of the doctrine of the double effect in the Just War TheoryEthics and Global Politics 10 (1): 117-139. 2017.
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171The Moral Murderer. A (More) Effective Counterexample to ConsequentialismRatio 25 (3): 307-325. 2012.My aim in this paper is to provide an effective counterexample to consequentialism. I assume that traditional counterexamples, such as Transplant (A doctor should kill one person and transplant her organs to five terminal patients, thereby saving their lives) and Judge (A judge should sentence to death an innocent person if he knows that an outraged mob will otherwise kill many innocent persons), are not effective, for two reasons: first, they make unrealistic assumptions and, second, they do no…Read more
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26The claim from adoption revisitedBioethics 20 (6). 2006.ABSTRACT In a recent paper published in this journal, Thomas S. Petersen makes a qualified defense of what he calls ‘the Claim from Adoption’, according to which, ‘instead of expending resources on bringing new children [in developed countries] into the world using reproductive technology and caring for these children, we ought to devote these resources to the adoption and care of existing destitute children’. My purpose in this paper is not to discuss Petersen’s argument in favor of that claim.…Read more
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36Puzzles on defending others from aggressionLaw and Philosophy 25 (3): 377-386. 2005.We all agree on the justification of defending ourselves or others in some situations, but we do not often agree on why. Two main views compete: subjectivism and objectivism. The discussion has mainly been held in normative terms. But every theory must pass a previous test: logical consistency. It has recently been held that, at least in the case of defending others from aggression, objective theories lead, in some situations, to normative contradiction. My aim is to challenge the idea that only…Read more
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94Probabilities in tragic choicesUtilitas 20 (3): 323-333. 2008.In this article I explore a kind of tragic choice that has not received due attention, one in which you have to save only one of two persons but the probability of saving is not equal (and all other things are equal). Different proposals are assessed, taking as models proposals for a much more discussed tragic choice situation: saving different numbers of persons. I hold that cases in which (only) numbers are different are structurally similar to cases in which (only) probabilities are different…Read more
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9Los drones, la moralidad profunda Y las convenciones de la GuerraIsonomía. Revista de Teoría y Filosofía Del Derecho 46 11-28. 2017.El trabajo discute la justificación moral del uso de drones en conflictos armados, tanto desde el punto de vista de la moralidad profunda de la guerra como desde el punto de vista de cuál es la regulación jurídica moralmente justificable. Desde la óptica de la moralidad profunda, argumento que no es posible dar un veredicto general acerca de la permisión o prohibición moral del uso de drones. Desde la óptica de las convenciones jurídicas para regular los conflictos armados, sostengo que la posic…Read more
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29Kommunitaristische ParadoxeAnalyse & Kritik 17 (2): 149-166. 1995.Two basic kinds of communitarians are discriminated. Weak communitarians reject only the liberal metaethical theses that I call universalism and neutralism, but endorse liberal norms and institutions at the normative level. Strong communitarians condemn liberalism at both levels: they reject not only universalism and neutralism, but also substantive liberal norms defending communitarian values. This article intends to show certain internal paradoxes of these two versions of communitarianism
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9Introduction: Why (and How) Bioethics Matters in Latin AmericaIn Eduardo Rivera-López & Martin Hevia (eds.), Controversies in Latin American Bioethics, Springer Verlag. pp. 1-8. 2019.Bioethics embraces a number of ethical problems connected to medicine, biomedical research, and health law. Most of these have both a universal dimension and a more particular one. Reproductive rights, exploitation, commodification, biomedical research, and the protection of the environment, among others, are issues that can be discussed from a universal perspective.
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20Is medically assisted death a special obligation?Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (6): 401-406. 2017.
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64Is it Morally Wrong to Defend Unjust Causes as a Lawyer?Journal of Applied Philosophy 32 (2): 177-189. 2014.The question I address in this article is whether it is morally wrong for a lawyer to represent a client whose purpose is immoral or unjust. My answer to this question is that it is wrong, prima facie. This conclusion holds, even accepting certain traditional principles of lawyer's professional ethics, such as the right of defence and the so-called principle of ‘adversarial’ litigation. Both the adversarial system and the right of defence are sufficient to support or justify the right of potenti…Read more
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109Can There Be Full Excuses for Morally Wrong Actions?Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 73 (1): 124-142. 2007.Most people (and philosophers) distinguish between performing a morally wrong action and being blameworthy for having performed that action, and believe that an individual can be fully excused for having performed a wrong action. My purpose is to reject this claim. More precisely, I defend what I call the “Dependence Claim”: A's doing X is wrong only if A is blameworthy for having done X. I consider three cases in which, according to the traditional view, a wrong action could be excused: duress,…Read more
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12Consent and Exploitation in Bioethics: Individual Ethics and Legal RegulationIn Eduardo Rivera-López & Martin Hevia (eds.), Controversies in Latin American Bioethics, Springer Verlag. pp. 83-95. 2019.In this paper, I discuss exploitative transactions in bioethics. Examples of this kind of transactions allegedly include, among others, commercial surrogacy, organ selling, and research with human subjects in developing countries. The most problematic kind of exploitation is what Allan Wertheimer calls “mutually advantageous exploitation:” the weak party’s consent for the transaction is an effective and rational consent. Moreover, W does not suffer any harm by the transaction; on the contrary, t…Read more
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15Castigo penal, injusticia social y autoridad moralAnálisis Filosófico 35 (2): 167-185. 2015.La pregunta que exploro en este trabajo es si la injusticia social puede socavar la autoridad moral de la sociedad para castigar al que delinque. La respuesta a esta pregunta depende esencialmente de cuál sea la teoría justificatoria del castigo penal de la que se parte. Analizo diversas teorías de la pena, entre ellas la teoría consensual de Carlos Nino. Mi objetivo es explorar de qué modo las diferentes teorías de la pena enfrentan el desafío que plantea la pregunta y extraer algunas conclusio…Read more
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27Against the Evidence-Relative View of Liability to Defensive HarmCriminal Law and Philosophy 18 (1): 45-60. 2024.According to the evidence-relative view of liability to defensive harm, a person is so liable if and only if she acts in a way that provides sufficient evidence to justify a (putative) victim’s belief that the person poses a threat of unjust harm, which may or may not be the case. Bas van der Vossen defends this position by analyzing, in relation to a version of Frank Jackson’s famous drug example, a case in which a putative murderer is killed by a putative victim. Van der Vossen submits that th…Read more
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88Are Mental State Welfarism and Our Concern for Non‐Experiential Goals Incompatible?Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 88 (1): 74-91. 2007.The question I address in this paper is whether there is a version of mental state welfarism that can be coherent with the thesis that we have a legitimate concern for non‐experiential goals. If there is not, then we should reject mental state welfarism. My thesis is that there is such a version. My argument relies on the distinction between “reality‐centered desires” and “experience‐centered desires”. Mental state welfarism can accommodate our reality‐centered desires and our desire that they b…Read more
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32An exploration of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation for communication professionalsJournal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society (2): 249-267. 2021.Purpose Artificial intelligence and automation are currently changing human life with a great implication in the communication field. This research focusses on understanding the current and growing impact of AI and automation in the role of communication professionals to identify what skills and training are needed to face its impacts leading to a recommendation. Design/methodology/approach The research involves methodological triangulation, analysing and comparing data gathered from consulting …Read more
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National Autonomous University of MexicoUndergraduate
Areas of Interest
Epistemology |
Social and Political Philosophy |