Haojun Zhang

Neutron and X-ray diffraction have been used to study the magnetic and structural properties of single crystal Nd2CuO4. Long range magnetic order of the Cu moments develops at TN=245 K, with a noncollinear antiferromagnetic arrangement of spins. Additional abrupt transitions are observed at 75 K and 30 K, in which a spin reorientation takes place. Bragg peaks associated with the crystal structure are found at the same positions as the magnetic Bragg peaks, and indicate that a distortion of the basic tetragonal structure has occurred above 300 K. © 1989.

The term “clear and distinct” is used by both Descartes and Husserl when they talk about the truth of an idea and the evidence of judgment. Although the words “clear” and “distinct” are juxtaposed with the conjunction “and,” this does not mean that their status is equal. If the concept of “evidence” can be used to characterize the hierarchical relationship between them, then we can say that, for Descartes, distinct evidence is higher than clear evidence. For Husserl, on the contrary, clear evidence is higher than distinct evidence. Their opposing views concerning the hierarchy between clarity and distinctness is symptomatic of the differences between their two understandings of the epistemological relationship between intellect and sensibility, as well as of their respective ontological reach.