M. Julia Martínez

Ethics education in the health sciences requires approaches that move beyond theoretical principles to active, situated experiences. This study explored professors’ reflections on the use of EthicApp, a digital platform that scaffolds ethical reasoning through individual reflection, anonymous deliberation, and group discussion. A qualitative exploratory–descriptive study was conducted with four professors teaching an undergraduate midwifery course. Data were collected through reflective logs, observation notes, and collective meetings, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase thematic analysis. Findings indicate that anonymity created psychological safety, the platform’s structured phases scaffolded reflection, and simulated dilemmas helped connect theory and practice. These mechanisms supported critical thinking, equitable participation, and situated learning. The study’s originality lies in shifting the focus from student outcomes to professors’ perspectives, offering a distinctive contribution to ethics education research.

The tree-based data structure of -tree for propositional formulas is introduced in an improved and optimised form. The -trees allow a compact representation for negation normal forms as well as for a number of reduction strategies in order to consider only those occurrences of literals which are relevant for the satisfiability of the input formula. These reduction strategies are divided into two subsets (meaning- and satisfiability-preserving transformations) and can be used to decrease the size of a negation normal form A at (at most) quadratic cost. The reduction strategies are aimed at decreasing the number of required branchings and, therefore, these strategies allow to limit the size of the search space for the SAT problem.

Most scientific theories are globally inconsistent. Chunk and Permeate is a method of rational reconstruction that can be used to separate, and identify, locally consistent chunks of reasoning or explanation. This then allows us to justify reasoning in a globally inconsistent theory. We extend chunk and permeate by adding a visually transparent way of guiding the individuation of chunks and deciding on what information permeates from one chunk to the next. The visual representation is in the form of bundle diagrams. We then extend the bundle diagrams to include not only reasoning in the presence of inconsistent information or reasoning in the logical sense of deriving a conclusion from premises, but more generally reasoning in the sense of trying to understand a phenomenon in science. This extends the use of the bundle diagrams in terms of the base space and the fibres. We then apply this to a case in physics, that of understanding binding energies in the nucleus of an atom using together inconsistent models: the liquid drop model and the shell model. We draw some philosophical conclusions concerning scientific reasoning, paraconsistent reasoning, the role of logic in science and the unity of science.

Current approaches in decision making, influenced by rationalist and pragmatist paradigms, offer notable strengths but fail to adequately address human growth, moral depth, and relational dynamics. Rationalist models emphasize universal principles and cognitive processing, offering structured approaches at the expense of human relationality and cultural diversity. Pragmatist approaches focus on adaptability and social context and provide flexibility, but their morally relativistic stance leads to ethical inconsistency. To address these gaps, we integrate Leonardo Polo’s transcendental personalist philosophy and the Inter-processual Self (IPS) Theory to redefine decision making as an opportunity for personal and relational growth. Grounded in anthropological insights, this framework prioritizes the human person as the center of moral action and decision making, fostering personal and relational growth through the transcendentals of personal love, knowledge, and freedom. We argue that this enriched perspective addresses critical limitations of existing models, enabling decision making to serve as a source of systemic wisdom and sustainable growth. By applying this framework to organizational contexts, we show how it enhances personal growth, and the persons’ transcendent motivation for virtues involving inter-relational growth and wisdom. Our approach offers a holistic and transformative lens to rethink decision making as a catalyst for individual and collective flourishing, providing actionable insights to meet contemporary challenges in business and society.

This text discusses the European system in the modern age, describing the concept of ‘state’ as an object bounded by property rights and its owner’s jurisdiction. In order to maintain the state, it was necessary to keep the inhabitants in a state of submission, through either persuasion or force. State policy consisted in preserving the possessions of the state, improving and increasing it, combining statecraft with the subjects and concert with other state-holders. States were not autonomous units, but domains, and state affairs concerned ways of increasing or maintaining their ownership. When two princes married, they united their states and created a new political and institutional framework, with each spouse taking on the conflicts and alliances of his or her partner, creating entirely new situations. Each peace treaty or alliance was solidly sealed with a dynastic union, as can be seen in the example of the rise of the House of Habsburg, which became the first European power after integrating the inheritances of three great lineages: the Austrian Habsburgs, who contributed fiefdoms and states in Central and Eastern Europe, the House of Burgundy, who contributed states in France and the Low Countries, and the House of Trastámara, who contributed the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon.

Today’s youth find it extremely difficult to look beyond the present, in large part due to the precariousness of the labour market. Unconditional basic income, meanwhile, is emerging as the economic and social policy that is attracting most interest as an alternative not only to the conditional minimum income programmes, but also to the increasing unemployment and precarious conditions of employment. This survey study, conducted among students at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) in 2021 (n = 709), explores the attitudes of young people towards basic income. Findings reveal strong support among Basque youth for basic income, citing its potential to enhance personal freedom and improve living conditions. While previous studies have already found that young people tend to be more supportive of basic income, this research fills a gap in the literature by analysing in depth young people’s attitudes and beliefs about this policy proposal.

En este artículo defendemos la necesidad de reformular los conceptos de constreñimiento del desarrollo y variación considerando trabajos empíricos y teóricos recientes, principalmente sobre genes Hox, estado filotípico y morfogénesis. Argumentamos que la noción de variación isotrópica e ilimitada asociada con las teorías darwinianas y neodarwinianas deben ser reconsideradas a la luz de los aportes recientes de la biología del desarrollo. En esta visión, la variación estaría constreñida y sesgada. Esta reforma del concepto de variación coincide con la reformulación del de constreñimiento, los cuales serían entendidos como un factor causal positivo en la evolución, en contraposición a como suelen ser entendidos en biología.

Este trabajo investiga el sentido que la cuestión del origen adquiere en el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger, cuestión íntimamente entrelazada con su interrogación por el ser y cuya comprensión exige atender a las variaciones que ésta experimenta en su trayectoria filosófica. Partiendo de esta premisa, se indaga en un primer momento sobre el papel que el concepto de lo originario juega en Ser y tiempo, tanto en la determinación ontológica del Dasein como en la dilucidación del sentido de su ser, identificado con la temporalidad originaria. En un segundo paso, las conclusiones obtenidas conducen a examinar la tematización del problema del origen en la obra heideggeriana posterior. Si ésta se caracteriza por la reflexión sobre la metafísica como acontecimiento clave de la historia occidental, en ella Grecia aparece como un origen ya definitivamente perdido e irrecuperable en su pérdida, pero cuya ausencia no sólo configura la emergencia de la modernidad, sino también nuestra actualidad histórica como última etapa de la misma.

El artículo se divide en tres partes principales. La primera analiza la importancia que poseen las diversas declaraciones sobre derechos humanos entre sí y cómo han sido tomadas en cuenta en las legislaciones de los diversos países, en especial el caso de México.En la segunda parte, el autor analiza cómo es tratado el derecho a la vida y el estatuto personal del embrión humano en la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos de la UNESCO.Por último, se muestra que la ambigüedad que prevalece en el texto se reflejó en el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos