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85Morality as Both Objective and Subjective: Baumgarten’s Way to Moral Realism and Its Impact on KantIn Courtney D. Fugate & John Hymers (eds.), Baumgarten and Kant on the Foundations of Practical Philosophy, Oxford University Press. 2024.In § 37 of his "Elements of First Practical Philosophy", Baumgarten provides important qualifications to the controversial notion of ‘objective morality’, which had long been at the centre of the dispute between realists like Wolff and his adversaries. The chapter shall examine how he construes his view of morality in §§ 36-38 with a specific focus on the central § 37. I shall analyse that section, first considering how Baumgarten understands the key notion of ‘objective morality’ and how he arg…Read more
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157Wolff, the Pursuit of Perfection and What We Owe to Each Other: The Case of Veracity and LyingIn Sonja Schierbaum, Michael Walschots & John Walsh (eds.), Christian Wolff's German Ethics: New Essays, Oxford University Press. pp. 237-252. 2024.My chapter deals with an important part of how Wolff pursued the normative ambitions of his ethics in giving practical guidance with regard to specific moral issues. I first consider how Wolff’s ethics tackles the duties to others, which traditionally represent a difficult issue for moral perfectionism. In this regard, I argue that Wolff’s strategy combines two aspects: (a) he includes in perfection non-active aspects and (b) operates with an agent-neutral notion of perfection, in spite of impor…Read more
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8La Critica della ragione pratica di Kantil Mulino. 2022.An introduction and reader's guide to Kant's "Critique of Practical Reason".
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752Lying, Deception, and Dishonesty: Kant and the Contemporary Debate on the Definition of LyingIn Luigi Caranti & Alessandro Pinzani (eds.), Kant and the Problem of Morality: Rethinking the Contemporary World, Routledge Chapman & Hall. pp. 73-91. 2022.Although Kant is one of the very few classical writers referred to in the current literature on lying, hardly any attention is paid to how his views relate to the contemporary discussion on the definition of lying. I argue that, in Kant’s account, deception is not the defining feature of lying. Furthermore, his view is able to acknowledge non-deceptive lies. Kant thus holds, I suggest, a version of what is currently labelled Intrinsic Anti-Deceptionism. In his specific version of such a view, fu…Read more
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348The Fate of Autonomy in Kant’s Metaphysics of MoralsBritish Journal for the History of Philosophy 30 (1): 90-108. 2022.The idea of autonomy, presented as Kant’s main achievement in the Groundwork and the second Critique, is hardly present in the ethics of the “Doctrine of Virtue”. Against Pauline Kleingeld’s recent interpretation, I argue that this does not amount to a disappearance of the Principle of Autonomy, but to an important development of the notion of autonomy. I first show that Kant still advocated the Principle of Autonomy in the 1790s along with the thought of lawgiving through one’s maxims. I then a…Read more
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180My Duty and the Morality of Others: Lying, Truth, and the Good Example in Fichte’s Normative PerfectionismIn Stefano Bacin & Owen Ware (eds.), Fichte’s System of Ethics: A Critical Guide, Cambridge University Press. pp. 201-220. 2021.The aim of the paper is to shed light on some of the most original elements of Fichte’s conception of morality as expressed in his account of specific obligations. After some remarks on Fichte’s original classification of ethical duties, the paper focuses on the prohibition of lying, the duty to communicate our true knowledge, and the duty to set a good example. Fichte’s account of those duties not only goes beyond the mere justification of universally acknowledged demands, but also deploys diff…Read more
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257End in Itself, Freedom, and Autonomy: The Place of the Naturrecht Feyerabend in Kant’s Moral RationalismIn Margit Ruffing, Annika Schlitte & Gianluca Sadun Bordoni (eds.), Kants “Naturrecht Feyerabend”: Analysen und Perspektiven, De Gruyter. 2019.The chapter deals with the two most distinctive elements of the Introduction of the Naturrecht Feyerabend, namely the notions of an end in itself and autonomy. I shall argue that both are to be interpreted with regard to the aim of explaining the ground of right. In this light, I suggest that the notion of an end in itself counters a voluntarist conception like Achenwall’s with a claim whose necessity has a twofold ground: First, the representation of an unconditional worth emerges as a structur…Read more
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350The Error in the Groundwork: Kant’s Revision of the Imperatives and Prudence as Technical AbilityStudia Kantiana 17 (1): 29-48. 2019.The paper examines Kant’s self-criticism to the account of hypothetical imperatives given in the "Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals". Following his corrections in the introductions to the third "Critique", the paper traces the consequences of that change in his later writings, specifically with regard to the status of prudence. I argue that the revision of the account of hypothetical imperatives leads to differentiate, and ultimately separate, two functions in prudence: the setting of end…Read more
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33Name der Zeitschrift: Kant-Studien Jahrgang: 109 Heft: 3 Seiten: 482-486.
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141The Emergence of Autonomy in Kant’s Moral Philosophy (edited book)Cambridge University Press. 2018.Autonomy is one of the central concepts of contemporary moral thought, and Kant is often credited with being the inventor of individual moral autonomy. But how and why did Kant develop this notion? The Emergence of Autonomy in Kant's Moral Philosophy is the first essay collection exclusively devoted to this topic. It traces the emergence of autonomy from Kant's earliest writings to the changes that he made to the concept in his mature works. The essays offer a close historical and philosophical …Read more
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48Fichte's System of Ethics: A Critical Guide (edited book)Cambridge University Press. 2021.The System of Ethics was published at the height of Fichte's academic career and marks the culmination of his philosophical development in Jena. Much more than a treatise on ethics narrowly construed, the System of Ethics presents a unified synthesis of Fichte's core philosophical ideas, including the principle I-hood, self-activity and self-consciousness, and also contains his most detailed treatment of action and agency. This volume brings together an international group of leading scholars on…Read more
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356"Ein Bewußtsein, das selbst Pflicht ist": Fichtes unkantische Auffassung des Gewissens und ihr philosophischer KontextFichte-Studien 44 306-325. 2017.Aim of the paper is contributing to a context-informed understanding of Fichte’s theory of conscience. This crucial element in his moral philosophy (and, in fact, in his whole philosophy) represents the last of the many significant accounts of conscience in the 18th century, before in the following century the role of conscience in moral life was repeatedly put into question. Accordingly, in my paper I argue that: (1) Fichte puts forward an un-Kantian account of conscience, following, instead, a…Read more
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143Die Lehre vom Begriff des Guten in der Kritik der praktischen VernunftIn Ralph Schumacher, Rolf-Peter Horstmann & Volker Gerhardt (eds.), Kant Und Die Berliner Aufklärung: Akten des Ix. Internationalen Kant-Kongresses. Bd. I: Hauptvorträge. Bd. Ii: Sektionen I-V. Bd. Iii: Sektionen Vi-X: Bd. Iv: Sektionen Xi-Xiv. Bd. V: Sektionen Xv-Xviii, De Gruyter. pp. 131-140. 2001.
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617On Stephen Engstrom, The Form of Practical KnowledgeIris. European Journal of Philosophy and Public Debate 3 (6): 191-203. 2011.
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13VorwortIn Stefano Bacin, Georg Mohr, Marcus Willaschek & Jürgen Stolzenberg (eds.), Kant-Lexikon: Studienausgabe, De Gruyter. 2017.
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36La ricerca di un senso nella vita, la prospettiva morale e i limiti di una concezione sentimentalistaEtica E Politica 19 (2): 287-304. 2017.I discuss Eugenio Lecaldano’s view of the search for meaning in life as presented in "Sul senso della vita" (Bologna, il Mulino, 2016), focusing on three issues. First, I suggest that an accurate account should accommodate both a prospective and a retrospective mode of the reflection on meaning in one’s own life. Second, I argue that Lecaldano’s distinction between meaningfulness and morality is underdetermined in two respects: (a) because a more fle…Read more
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232Autonomy and Moral Rationalism: Kant’s Criticisms of ‘Rationalist’ Moral Principles (1762-1785)In Stefano Bacin & Oliver Sensen (eds.), The Emergence of Autonomy in Kant's Moral Philosophy, Cambridge University Press. pp. 48-66. 2019.This paper sheds light on Kant’s notion of autonomy in his moral philosophy by considering Kant’s critique of the rationalist theories of morality that Kant discussed in his lectures on practical philosophy from the 1760s to the time of the Groundwork. The paper first explains Kant’s taxonomy of moral theories and his perspective on the history of ethics. Second, it considers Kant's arguments against the two main variants of ‘rationalism’ as he construes it, that is, perfectionism and theologica…Read more
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266Moral Realism by Other Means: The Hybrid Nature of Kant’s Practical RationalismIn Elke Elisabeth Schmidt & Robinson dos Santos (eds.), Realism and Anti-Realism in Kant’s Moral Philosophy, De Gruyter. pp. 155-178. 2017.After qualifying in which sense ‘realism’ can be applied to eighteenth-century views about morality, I argue that while Kant shares with traditional moral realists several fundamental claims about morality, he holds that those claims must be argued for in a radically different way. Drawing on his diagnosis of the serious weaknesses of traditional moral realism, Kant proposes a novel approach that revolves around a hybrid view about moral obligation. Since his solution to that central issue combi…Read more
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21Kant-Lexikon: StudienausgabeDe Gruyter. 2017.The Kant-Lexikon is a guide to the philosophical work of Immanuel Kant and incorporates the latest scholarship. This textbook edition presents the most important entries contained in the comprehensive, three-volume lexicon released in 2015.
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63Rationalism and Perfectionism [in 18-Century Moral Philosophy]In Sacha Golob & Jens Timmermann (eds.), The Cambridge History of Moral Philosophy, Cambridge University Press. pp. 379-393. 2017.The chapter provides a brief survey of the moral views of some of the main writers advocating rationalist conceptions in philosophical ethics in Eighteenth-Century Britain and Germany, prior to Reid and Kant: Samuel Clarke, William Wollaston, John Balguy, Richard Price, Christian Wolff (along with his adversary Christian August Crusius), Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten.
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25Review of: Robert R. Clewis (ed.), Reading Kant’s Lectures (review)Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2016 (8.1). 2016.
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87Filosofía aplicada: la idea de Fichte para una nueva UniversidadIn Faustino Oncina Coves (ed.), Filosofía para la Universidad, Filosofia contra la Universidad (De Kant a Nietzsche), Dykinson. pp. 199-232. 2009.
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125"Only One Obligation": Kant on the Distinction and the Normative Continuity of Ethics and RightStudi Kantiani 29 77-90. 2016.I suggest that looking at how Kant’s arguments relate to the stand of the discussion on the relationship between right and ethics in his times contributes to a better understanding of his own position in this matter. I contrast the terms of the pre-Kantian debate with Kant’s take on the matter, in order to point out how Kant gains a new perspective concerning the rela- tionship between ethics and right. While the most prominent pre-Kantian view construed right and ethics as either resulting from…Read more
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321Kant on the Relation between Duties of Love and Duties of RespectIn Stefano Bacin, Alfredo Ferrarin, Claudio La Rocca & Margit Ruffing (eds.), Kant und die Philosophie in weltbürgerlicher Absicht. Akten des XI. Internationalen Kant-Kongresses, De Gruyter. pp. 15-28. 2013.In a cryptic passage of the "Doctrine of Virtue" (§ 23), Kant underscores the relation between the two kinds of ethical duties to others, which he calls duties of love and duties of respect. The paper will explore the issues concerning this relation, and try to clarify the meaning of it for Kant’s overall account of the duties towards others. I suggest that (1) Kant thereby highlights the role of a previously unconsidered class of duties, and highlights that that novelty changes the traditional …Read more
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333The Perfect Duty to Oneself Merely as a Moral Being (TL 6:428-437)In Andreas Trampota, Oliver Sensen & Jens Timmermann (eds.), Kant’s “Tugendlehre”. A Comprehensive Commentary, Walter De Gruyter. pp. 245-268. 2013.
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234Kant’s Lectures on Ethics and Baumgarten’s Moral PhilosophyIn Lara Denis & Oliver Sensen (eds.), Kant's Lectures on Ethics: A Critical Guide, Cambridge University Press. pp. 15-33. 2015.The chapter shows how Kant’s ethical thought as reflected in the lectures, responds to Baumgarten’s works on moral philosophy. I argue that Kant chose Baumgarten’s textbooks for his classes for genuinely philosophical reasons. The thorough discussion of Baumgarten’s views provided Kant with important clues for developing an original position, even if mostly in opposition to Baumgarten. I illustrate this complex role of Baumgarten with a few significant examples, that also highlight some original…Read more
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31Zwei Konjekturvorschläge zur Tugendlehre, § 9Kant Studien 101 (2): 247-252. 2010.We conjecture that the text of § 9 in Kant's "Doctrine of Virtue" might have been assembled in a wrong order, because of issues in the preparation of the manuscript for publication. We show that textual clues suggest to consider the possibility of reordering two passages in the section, which might yield a more coherent argumentative structure.