V. Hans

Fantasy novels are products of popular culture. They owe their popularity also to the visualization of medievalist artifacts on book covers and designs, illustrations, maps, and marketing: Castles on towering cliffs, cathedral-like architecture, armored heroes and enchanting fairies, fierce dragons and mages follow mythical archetypes and develop pictorial aesthetics of fantasy, completed by gothic fonts, maps and page layout that refer to medieval manuscripts and chronicles. The contributors to this volume explore the patterns and paradigms of a specific medievalist iconography and book design of fantasy which can be traced from the 19th century to the present.

Kants kritische Philosophie hat der traditionellen Metaphysik so gründlich die Flügel gestutzt, dass das Transzendente weitgehend aus dem Blickfeld der Kant-Forschung geraten ist. Der vorliegende Band will dieser Entwicklung entgegenwirken. Er fragt in interdisziplinärer Perspektive (Philosophie, Politikwissenschaft, Theologie) nach den transzendenten Geltungsgründen politischer Ordnungen einerseits und nach der Gültigkeit und dem Sinn einer epistemisch unverfügbaren Transzendenz andererseits. Inwiefern ist unsere Praxis durch Transzendenz fundiert und welchen Sinn verleihen wir der uns unverfügbaren Transzendenz in unseren lebensweltlichen Vollzügen? Diese Fragen werden entlang der politischen Philosophie sowie der religionsphilosophischen Philosophie Kants untersucht. Sie weisen jedoch über den Rahmen der Kantischen Philosophie hinaus, indem sie Begriffe von politischer Ordnung mit Transzendenz konfrontieren sowie den kritischen Begriff der Transzendenz mit seinen religiösen Sinnfiguren in Beziehung setzen.

This study delves into the influence of intelligent compaction (IC) systems on the perceptions and actions of roller operators in road pavement practices. These operators occasionally tend to ignore these IC systems or even turn them off while performing their tasks. A major question is why the operators don’t always use IC systems. By using the technological mediation approach, operators’ reasons for ignoring or even turning IC systems off in road pavement practice are explored. In the technological mediation approach, users and technologies co-shape each other. Based on semi-structured interviews with roller operators, experiences with these systems are investigated. Physical, cognitive, and contextual mediation through IC systems is related to behavior-changing strategies encompassing coercive and persuasive interventions, as well as decisive designs. These interventions are now experienced as conflicting with the individual autonomy and responsibility of the operators for the quality of work. Because IC systems amplify certain facets of reality while reducing others, roller operators must ensure that the output of an IC system is judged in the light of the specific project context. Given their “thrownness” in such a specific context, operators’ experience and tacit knowledge remain important for taking action.

In 1942 Robert K. Merton tried to demonstrate the structure of the normative system of science by specifying the norms that characterized it. The norms were assigned the abbreviation CUDOs: Communism, Universalism, Disinterestedness, and Organized skepticism. Using the results of an on-line survey of climate scientists concerning the norms of science, this paper explores the climate scientists’ subscription to these norms. The data suggests that while Merton’s CUDOs remain the overall guiding moral principles, they are not fully endorsed or present in the conduct of climate scientists: there is a tendency to withhold results until publication, there is the intention of maintaining property rights, there is external influence defining research and the tendency to assign the significance of authored work according to the status of the author rather than content of the paper. These are contrary to the norms of science as proposed by Robert K. Merton.