José García

Introducción. En este artículo abordamos la noción heideggeriana de “preciencia”, puesto que se trata de conocer y pensar la incidencia de las características del existente en su actividad. Antes de todo está la existencia, que es condición de posibilidad para toda disciplina. El tiempo, que determina a la existencia, se va a convertir en el fenómeno radical que define al ser humano como Dasein. Este es el término dado al sujeto de la “preciencia” y que traduciremos por Extar, pues creemos que así se puede entender mejor un pensar caracterizado por la finitud. Metodología. Hemos elaborado este trabajo mediante un análisis hermenéutico de carácter genealógico fundado en el despliegue de la eseidad. Resultados y conclusiones. El tiempo no es un tema científico sino precientífico. Por tanto, es la ontología, y no la ciencia, la que se ocupa de él. No es un fenómeno de la física sino un fenómeno afectivo.

Background: Current interventions to enhance patient self-efficacy, a key mediator of health behavior, have limited primary care application. Objective: To explore the effectiveness of an office-based intervention for training resident physicians to use self-efficacy-enhancing interviewing techniques. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Participants: Family medicine and internal medicine resident physicians at an academic medical center. Measurements: Resident use of SEE IT was coded from audio recordings of the physician-patient portion of two standardized patient instructor training visits and two unannounced post-training SP visits, all involving common physical and mental health conditions and behavior change issues. One post-training SP visit involved health conditions similar to those experienced in training, while the other involved new conditions. Results: Experimental group residents demonstrated significantly greater use of SEE IT than controls, starting after the first training visit and sustained through the final post-training visit. The mean effect of the intervention was significant [adjusted incidence rate ratio for increased use of SEE IT∈=∈1.94 ]. There were no significant effects of resident gender, race/ethnicity, specialty, training level, or SP health conditions. Conclusions: SP instructors can teach resident physicians to apply SEE IT during SP office visits, and the effects extend to health conditions beyond those used for training. Future studies should explore the effects of the intervention on practicing physicians, physician use of SEE IT during actual patient visits, and its influence on patient health behaviors and outcomes.