M. Lopez

Lo studio ripercorre l’insegnamento universitario del teologo domenicano spagnolo Domingo de Soto (1495-1560), considerando le fonti relative ai suoi commenti universitari ai primi due articoli (Utrum Deum esse sit per se notum e Utrum Deum esse sit demonstrabile) della questione II (An Deus sit) della Summa Theologiae di Tommaso d’Aquino. Dopo un censimento dello stato attuale delle fonti a disposizione, si forniscono la trascrizione del Manoscritto 231 (ff. 17r - 19v) della Biblioteca Storica Marqués de Valdecilla dell’Università Complutense di Madrid, ed alcune indicazioni di apparato utili per il relativo studio. L’ultima parte dell’articolo prospetta alcune brevi considerazioni contenutistiche, emergenti dall’analisi del testo, utili in particolare per lo studio dell’autore e della sua prospettiva teologica e filosofica.

Lo studio prosegue quanto già proposto in un precedente lavoro pubblicato sul n. 2 di questa Rivista del 2008 alle pp. 267-298 che aveva ripercorso l’insegnamento universitario del teologo domenicano spagnolo Pedro de Ledesma (1544-1616) considerando le fonti relative ai suoi commenti universitari alla questione II (An Deus sit) della Summa Theologiae di Tommaso d’Aquino e censendo lo stato attuale delle fonti relative all’autore che abbiamo a disposizione. Questo nuovo articolo fornisce la trascrizione – fino ad ora inedita – del Manoscritto 6 (ff. 61r–64v) della Biblioteca di Palencia (Spagna) relativo alle lezioni universitarie di Pedro de Ledesma tenute ad Ávila nel 1589 dedicate al problema teoretico specifico dell’art. II, Utrum Deum esse sit per se notum. Il contributo fornisce anche alcune indicazioni di apparato utili per lo studio, e nella sua seconda parte e nella conclusione prospetta alcune brevi considerazioni contenutistiche, emergenti dall’analisi del testo, utili in particolare per lo studio dell’autore e della sua prospettiva teologica e filosofica.

Lo studio prosegue quanto già proposto in due precedenti lavori pubblicati su questa Rivista, che avevano ripercorso l’insegnamento universitario del teologo domenicano spagnolo Pedro de Ledesma (1544-1616) considerando le fonti relative ai suoi commenti universitari alla questione II (An Deus sit) della Summa Theologiae di Tommaso d’Aquino, censendo lo stato attuale delle fonti relative all’autore che abbiamo a disposizione, e fornendo le trascrizioni – fino ad allora inedite – del Manoscritto 6 della Biblioteca di Palencia (Spagna) relative alle lezioni universitarie di Pedro de Ledesma tenute ad Ávila nel 1589 dedicate al problema teoretico specifico dell’art. I, Utrum Deum esse sit per se notum e dell’art. III, Utrum Deus sit. Questo contributo analizza invece il commento all’art. II, Utrum Deum esse sit demonstrabile, e fornisce anche alcune indicazioni di apparato utili per lo studio. Nella sua seconda parte e nella conclusione prospetta alcune brevi considerazioni contenutistiche, emergenti dall’analisi del testo, utili in particolare per lo studio dell’autore e della sua prospettiva teologica e filosofica.

This article aims to study the moral evolution of Albert Camus’s thought, shifting from an individual and absurd dimension to a collective and supportive one. The Stranger and The Myth of Sisyphus explore the absurd at the individual level, proposing rebellion as the only way out of it. From The Misunderstanding onward, Camus’s thought embraces a defense of solidarity, which will be expressed most clearly in The Plague and will become the moral value that justifies rebellion. In summary, our article addresses this opening in Camus’s thought, highlighting his concern for human suffering and solidarity as a central value in his moral position.

This article aims to extend and review our knowledge about the liturgical and artistictransfers that occurred between Avignon and Rome in the decades following the end ofthe Schism and that were decisive in the ritual and cultural configuration of the PapalCuria and its entourage in the first half of the 15 th century. To that purpose, I examine amanuscript ignored to date: the BCT 56-23, both from a material and a textual point ofview –it contains a pontifical followed by several additions (the Descriptio basilicaeVaticanae by Mallius Petrus, the Indulgentie ecclesiarum urbis Rome and some notesfor a crusading project against the Ottoman Empire in 1458)–. By doing so, and throughits comparison with other similar manuscripts, it has been possible to determine, firstly,that this codex can be fully related to the so-called forme remaniée (M. Andrieu) of theDurandus pontifical; and, secondly, that it was made in Basel around the 1430’scommissioned by a clergyman belonging to the papal entourage but also closelyconnected to the French southeast. Following the path of this manuscript, my studyconcludes that the process of exchanges and transfers between Avignon and Rome afterthe Schism was not unidirectional or unique, but took the form of a network of complexcontacts, prolonged in time and space, in which foreign influences –even from theNetherlands– also played a decisive role. But it will only be possible to reconstruct thisprocess in its entirety from the analysis of manuscripts that have survive to date.

Escrito cuyo horizonte es analizar cómo el vitalismo, entendido como una corriente filosófica que resalta la importancia de la vida y la experiencia subjetiva, ha servido históricamente como crítica a diferentes concepciones y estructuras sociales que alejan al ser humano de su vitalidad esencial. Se muestra cómo este enfoque ha cuestionado, en distintos momentos, al mecanicismo, el racionalismo, el capitalismo, la modernidad y a las instituciones sociales, proponiendo una visión centrada en la vida, la individualidad y la experiencia. El método utilizado fue de carácter histórico-filosófico y hermenéutico, se recurrió a fuentes clásicas y contemporáneas, donde se examinan debates y confrontaciones entre el vitalismo y otras corrientes, destacando el contraste entre explicaciones mecanicistas y vitalistas sobre los fenómenos naturales y sociales. Entre los resultados, se identifica que el vitalismo ha permitido una crítica profunda a los sistemas que privilegian la razón, la objetividad y la linealidad; resaltando en cambio, la importancia de la subjetividad, la incertidumbre y la vitalidad. Además de su influencia en la filosofía, la ciencia, la sociología, la literatura y otras áreas; se concluye que, el vitalismo sigue siendo relevante para comprender y cuestionar las dinámicas sociales actuales, especialmente aquellas que subordinan la vida a la lógica del consumo, la producción y el control institucional, por lo cual se propone recuperar la perspectiva vitalista para centrar el pasado, presente y futuro en la vida misma, promoviendo la reflexión sobre el ser y su entorno.

In recent years, research applying a gender perspective has proliferated and has contributed to reversing the androcentric view that has traditionally prevailed in the study of ancient societies. However, these important advances remain insufficient, especially with regard to the representation of diversity or of the participation of women in tasks outside the household context. In addition, these initiatives have rarely crossed the borders between specialized academic fields. In this situation, the Arsmaya Research Group believes that an effective way to spread this new knowledge in society is through the creation of images that depict the role of women in ancient societies.As a result of our expertise in the fields of archaeology, architecture, ethnography, and the study of images, here we present two visual reconstructions of the past made by our group and the collaboration of artist Érika Meijide Jansen: one from the Maya Culture, depicting a room in the Royal Palace of K’anpat (Chilonché, Guatemala), and the other from the Iberian Culture, a recreation of an imaginary pottery workshop of the city of Edeta (modern-day Llíria, Valencia, Spain) in which women appear engaged in artistic activities. Both representations are based on verifiable and fairly accurate historical data. The repertoire of objects, materials and techniques reproduced in both pictures is supported by the archaeological evidence, architectural studies, critical reviews of the discourses, and ethnographic studies carried out by the authors.

Context: Cognitive studies seem to show that two kinds of tasks are controversial. Both have a quantified premise, a quantified conclusion, and a disjunction in the premise. The difference is that the quantifier (both in the premise and in the conclusion) is existential in one of them, and universal in the other one. In both cases, the conclusion is one of the disjuncts. To infer its disjuncts from a disjunction is not correct in First-Order Predicate Calculus. However, people tend to accept the conclusion when the quantifier is existential and reject it when the quantifier is universal. I try to argue that a non-axiomatic logic with truth-values with two numbers can come to those results too.Methodology: I review the two types of tasks from the resources of that non-axiomatic logic. The main components I consider are the inheritance and instance copulas, and the value of frequency of a statement. The latter value is calculated from all the pieces of evidence the system has and the amount of those pieces supporting the statement.Conclusions: considering components such as those ones, it is possible to check that the non-axiomatic logic can come to the conclusions reported in the literature for the two kinds of tasks analyzed.

In contrast to the dominant paradigm of liberal feminist democracy, which operates from a top-down approach and emphasises individual empowerment, this article explores the alternative framework of radical feminist democracy. This alternative model is grounded in collective action from grassroots movements and aims to centre the voices of subaltern women who have often been marginalised in mainstream discourse that focuses on the role of women in democracy. The primary objective of this article is to contribute to the development of a concept of decolonial feminist democracy that is rooted in specific contexts and experiences, particularly those of subaltern women. It seeks to understand how decolonial democratic values are transmitted intergenerationally, particularly through the relationships between mothers and children. To achieve this, we analyse a significant social protest event in Ecuador: the June 2022 Strike led by the Indigenous movement. Through in-depth interviews with adult and young Indigenous women leaders who played key roles in this mobilisation, the article explores various aspects including gender roles, democratic practices within the Indigenous movement and perspectives on feminism. The findings highlight a form of community democracy and the interconnected struggle against neoliberalism, colonialism, patriarchy and extractivism, which Indigenous women actively engage in both on the streets and within their communities. Furthermore, the research uncovers evidence of the intergenerational transmission of democratic values, particularly the ethos of resistance.

Socially responsible human resource management (SR‐HRM) is becoming increasingly important for academics and managers. The interface between HRM and corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the subject of analysis in this article. It adopts a contextual perspective to analyze whether the institutional context influences the implementation of socially responsible HRM (SR‐HRM). Considering the differences in the national institutional contexts across Europe, this study explores the different models of SR‐HRM in that region. The research is focused on a sample of 153 companies headquartered in Germany, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The findings evidence the influence exerted by the national institutional context on the implementation of SR‐HRM. Differences among country clusters suggest the existence of different models of SR‐HRM in Europe. However, these models do not correspond to the blocks on HRM or on CSR identified by the literature but instead provide a novel categorization.

Corporate philanthropy strategy integrated into the core business constitutes a novel vision and a little‐explored field of study with regard to corporate social commitment. The goal of this study is to analyse how the diverse ways of managing and assuring philanthropy can be considered signals of a firm's social commitment and consequently affect its market value. In addition, the analysis considers whether the business sector moderates those relationships. We aim to provide a comprehensive vision of corporate philanthropy and its effect on market value. From a sample of 965 firm‐years, of 193 firms from 2011 to 2015, we found that the market responds positively to the professional, independent management of philanthropy via a foundation, in preference to donations, and welcomes external assurance of corporate philanthropy as a set of actions that improve the perceived reliability of philanthropic activities. In addition, we observe a moderating effect of the business sector on the relationships among corporate philanthropy, assurance and the company's market value. The main contribution of this study is the provision of new evidence of how corporate philanthropy and its assurance are effective signals that reduce the information asymmetries between firms and investors, affecting company market value positively.

This article analyses the epistemic dimensions of the false positives phenomenon in Colombia, where thousands of civilians were forcibly disappeared and extrajudicially executed by members of the Armed Forces and later falsely presented as combat casualties. Drawing on recent epistemological theories, we argue that these crimes were enabled not only by the deliberate production of ignorance – through concealment, victim profiling, denial, and discrediting of whistleblowers – but also by widespread hermeneutical insensitivities that prevailed across Colombian society. These forms of epistemic injustice, rooted in entrenched negative stereotypes about marginalised populations, severely undermined the credibility of the victims’ families and obstructed access to truth and justice. We also explore how these injustices were institutionally produced and sustained, exacerbating the victims’ epistemic marginalisation. Finally, we examine the epistemic resistance carried out by victims’ collec-tives, especially MAFAPO, showing how their practices – public testimonies, symbolic actions, and truth-telling efforts – have disrupted dominant narratives, regenerated public sensibilities, and reconfigured the public knowledge space, thus playing a decisive role in confronting impunity and reclaiming memory.

The literature has shown that the theory of mental models is able to describe human inductive processes. That theory has been related to the structure of inductive inferences, such as Gautama’s Syllogism indicates. On the other hand, the theory of mental models has also been linked to modal system K. This paper argues that there can be a connection between Gautama’s Syllogism and system K, not in rigorous logical deductions but in describing how the human mind can work. They can refer to two different moments of inductive reasoning; the rule of necessitation of K can be a key element in the second of those moments.

There are expressions in natural language that are challenging for classical logic. I address one of them in this paper. It is an expression affirming two predicates with constants and negating the conjunction of those very predicates with the same constants. It is inconsistent in first-order predicate calculus. My proposal is that a non-axiomatic logic can deal with the expression with no difficulties. Just a few rules and concepts of that logic suffice. Based on the literature, I also resort to relations between certain statements in the non-axiomatic logic and the Stoic conditional.

The purpose of our investigation is to analyse the contribution of the insurance industry to sustainable finance in Spain and how this, in turn, is transforming the insurance industry itself. From there, we will also explore how insurers themselves and the concept of sustainable finance have an impact on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and how they may help to accomplish them.The proposed research methodology includes a section based on studies conducted by the sector’s employers’ association in Spain and another based on a series of interviews with experts and reference specialists. This is combined with an evaluation of best practices from leading entities, as well as a bibliographical review from institutional sources and monographs.Using these methods, we have demonstrated that insurance companies add value to sustainable finance from a triple perspective: as investors with high resource mobilisation potential; as expert risk managers, which now include environmental, social, and governance risks (ESG); and through the insurance business itself, through subscription policies and product and services creation/modification.Moving forward, we identified several areas of work which will be critical in defining the full potential of the insurance sector in the development of sustainable finance, such as EU regulatory development, integration of ESG risks into internal models, access to sustainable investment offer, and stakeholder valuation.

Several studies have addressed the White Horse Paradox from different perspectives. Although the essential elements of the sentence in the paradox can already be found in Mozi’s work, it is thought that Gongsun Long presented the paradoxical version of that very sentence. Here, I comment on some possible accounts related to logic, cognitive science and philosophy of science. However, my main goal is to show how Inheritance Logic deals with the paradox. It has been thought that the acceptance of the paradox depends on its interpretation: whether it relates the animal ‘horse’ to the color ‘white’ or the term ‘horse’ to the term ‘white’. I claim that, while it is easy to give reasons for rejecting the first interpretation, a logic such as Inheritance Logic is necessary to support the second interpretation. The reason is that the latter is a term logic, not a propositional or predicate logic.

Carlos V fundó la Universidad de Granada en 1526. La permanencia de la memoria fundacional en la ciudad granadina se manifiesta mediante un importante y numeroso patrimonio artístico que evoca y la vincula a su pasado histórico. Se pretende convertir el patrimonio universitario en un producto cultural, mediante la creación de un itinerario histórico-artístico, que ahonde en la faceta del emperador como patrono educativo y que permita superar el reducido concepto de la universidad como templo del saber.